WSU Bio 315 Lab Exam 3

Apex of the heart

lower tip of the heart (feature)

Base of heart

faces posterior of the apex. formed by the left atrium (feature)

Right atrium of heart

top angle on right side

Right auricle of the heart

above the right atrium, black numb

Left atrium of the heart

left side top part

Right ventricle

Right Lower chamber of the heart

left ventricle

left lower chamber of the heart

anterior surface of the heart

Formed mainly by the right ventricle (region)

diaphragmatic surface of the heart

Formed by left and right ventricles. Sits on the diaphragm. Posterior view

right and left pulmonary surfaces of the heart

face the lungs. formed by right atrium and left ventricle, respectively.

Opposite when looking at anterior side

right boarded of the heart

convex shape, formed by right atrium (on x-ray)

left boarder of the heart

almost vertical, formed mainly by the left ventricle (on x-ray)

inferior boarded of the heart

horizontal, formed mainly by right ventricle (on x-ray)

superior boarder of the heart

boarder above the heart (on x-ray)

coronary sulcus

marks the junction of the atria with the ventricles (depression)

anterior interventricular sulcus

the junction between right and left ventricles

anterior side (depression)

posterior interventricular sulcus

marks the boundary between the ventricles posteriorly

aorta

leaves the left ventricle

acending aorta

right side, going up (portion)

arch of aorta

'C' shape, arching over

pulmonary trunk

leaves the right ventricle (collective structure)

left pulmonary artery

Identify the vessel

right pulmonary artery

Identify the vessel

ligamentum arteriosum

vestige of the fetal ductus arteriosus, which shunted blood in the pulmonary trunk away from the lungs in the fetus

superior vena cava

the vena cava drain into the right atrium

posterior side, upper part

inferior vena cava

posterior side, large bottom opening

pulmonary veins

drains to the left atrium

left superior and inferior pulmonary veins

what is this structure?

right superior and inferior pulmonary veins

what is this structure?

coronary arteries

The only branches of the ascending aorta

anterior

collective structure

right coronary artery

artery vascularizing the right side of the heart

right marginal artery

along the inferior boarder of the heart

posterior interventricular artery

in the posterior interventricular sulcus

left coronary artery

left side of the heart, wraps around the front

anterior interventricular artery

in the anterior interventricular sulcus

circumflex artery

bends around the heart

left side, looks like ramen noodles

right atrium

most of right ventricle

part of left ventricle

SA and AV nodes

the right coronary artery supplies....

Left atrium

most of the left ventricle

part of the right ventricle

the interventricular septum

the left coronary artery supplies...

cardiac veins

collects deoxygenated blood from heart muscle tissue empty into right atrium (posterior side)

coronary sinus

largest vein of the heart, in the posterior coronary sulcus

middle of the 'T'

great cardiac vein

begins in the anterior interventricular sulcus

left side of the 'T'

middle cardiac vein

posterior interventricular sulcus

middle string coming out of sinus

small cardiac vein

anteriorly along the inferior border of the heart

right side of the 'T'

fibrous pericardium

attaches to the great vessels above and is fused below to the superior surface of the diaphragm (covering)

serous pericardium

a closed sac

both sides; cover on the heart + flap

collective structure

parietal layer of the serous pericardium

fused to fibrous pericardium

back part of the layer when flipped back (feature)

visceral layer of serous pericardium

the outer layer of the heart wall (feature)

pericardial cavity

a potential space surrounding the heart between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium

transverse pericardial sinus

behind the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk-connects the left and right sides of the pericardial cavity

oblique pericardial sinus

a blind "cul-de-sac" posterior to the heart-surrounded by the pulmonary veins, the SVC, and the IVC

endocardium

the simple squamous epithelium that lines the heart (layer)

inside part

myocardium

cardiac muscle tissue

thick middle layer of the heart (layer)

epicardium

outer layer of the heart

interatrial septum

separates the right and left atria

fossa ovalis

Name this structure located in the right atrium.

oval depression

right auricle

Identify the flap.

dog ear looking

pectinate muscle

muscle that lines the walls of the atrium

striated muscle

sinus venarum

Smooth part of right atrium

below pectinate muscle

opening of the superior vena cava

anterior side opening, above the aorta (space)

opening of the inferior vena cava

posterior side coming down from the heart (space)

opening of the coronary sinus

returns venous coronary circulation to right atrium

left auricle

Identify the flap.

opening of the pulmonary veins

Found inside the left atrium.

2 probes through the tubes, posterior side

collective structure

interventricular septum

separates ventricles

muscular part of interventricular septum

Most of the septum is thick. This is the thick part

membranous part of the interventricular septum

thin upper-most part of the septum

Right atrioventricular orifice

opening from right atrium to right ventricle

tricuspid valve

3 cusps. closes as pressure rises in the ventricle to prevent backflow of blood

papillary muscles (3)

they tug at your heart strings

carrot

tendinous cords

heart strings

trabeculae carneae

ridges of cardiac muscle

conus arteriosus

cone-shaped part of the ventricles that leads into the pulmonary trunk (narrowing)

opening of the pulmonary trunk

What is this space?

pulmonary valve

valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery

semilunar cusps

half moon shaped flaps of the endocardium

left atrioventricular orifice

opening between left atrium and left ventricle

mitral valve

valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve

shaped like a bishops hat

aortic vestibule

the narrowing "outflow part" of the ventricle leading to the ascending aorta

opening of ascending aorta

probe going through the aorta

aortic valve

all three cusps make up the...

tricuspid valve (3)

mitral valve (2)

the atrioventricular valves consist of...

1. sino-atrial node

2. atrioventricular node

3. atrioventricular bundle

4. purkinje fibers

what is the order of the conducting system of the heart?

superior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, L+R pulmonary artery, lungs, L+R pulmonary veins, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, rest of the body

circulation of blood through the heart

ascending aorta

right and left coronary arteries branch from here (portion)

arch of the aorta

curved part of aorta

brachiocephalic artery

first branch off aortic arch

right common carotid artery

branches off brachiocephalic artery

supplies blood to right side of head and neck

right subclavian artery

passes to the upper limb, deep to the clavicle

into the arm

R. internal thoracic artery

runs deep to the costal cartilages to supply the anterior chest walls

L. common carotid artery

second branch off the aortic arch

L. subclavian artery

third branch of the aortic arch

L. internal thoracic artery

comes off the l. subclavian, going towards the thorax

descending aorta

deep to the inferior vena cava; the largest artery of the body; carries blood away from the heart down the midline of the body

thoracic aorta

travels downward through the thorax

left posterior intercostal arteries

enters the 3rd through 11th intercostal spaces, supplies the chest wall

abdominal aorta

continuation of the thoracic aorta that runs through the abdominal cavity

renal arteries

The two small branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the kidneys

celiac trunk

Large unpaired branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies the liver, stomach, and spleen. 1st

superior mesenteric artery

unpaired. to middle digestive tube. below celiac trunk. 2nd

inferior mesenteric artery

unpaired. to lower digestive tube. cord like, 3rd