Untitled Flashcards Set

population

Entire group we want info from.

sample

Subset of population we actually collect data from.

census

Survey that collects info from everyone in the population.

convenience sample

Sample taken conveniently for the surveyor.

problems with convenience samples

Leads to bias because they are taken in a way convenient to the sampler, not a good representation of the population.

bias

Studies show bias if they are likely to overestimate or underestimate the value being identified.

voluntary response sample

Sample from those who volunteer.

problems with voluntary response samples

People who volunteer often have stronger opinions and may be negatively charged.

simple random sample

Chosen so every group within a population has an equal chance of being sampled.

strata

Variables/aspects by which populations can be split to capture diverse perspectives.

stratified random sample

Population is split into stratas then data is collected via simple random samples from those stratas.

low bias and low variability

Indicators of the best estimates produced by a sampling method.

replacement

An individual being put back into the population with a chance of re-selection.

Sampling frame

List of individuals that form the population from which a sample is taken.

undercoverage

Type of inherent bias where members of a population are excluded based on sampling method.

response bias

Pattern of inaccurate responses in a survey.

observational study

Study where no treatment is imposed.

experiment

Study where treatment is imposed.