ethnicity education

External - cultural deprivation - intellectual and linguistic skills (general point)

Low income black famillies lack intellectual stimulation and enriching experiences

External - cultural deprivation - intellectual and linguistic skills (general point)

Lack reasoning and problem solving skills

External - cultural deprivation - intellectual and linguistic skills- Bereiter and Engelmann

Consider the language spoken in low income black American families
View it as ungrammatical, disjointed and incapable of expressing abstract ideas
So children who don't speak English at home may be at a disadvantage

External - cultural deprivation - intellectual and linguistic skills - David gillborn + Heidi Safia Mirza

Note Indian pupils do very well despite often not having English as their home language

External - cultural deprivation - intellectual and linguistic skills - Dustmann (CRITICISM)

Found most ethnic minorities catch up on language quickly and it doesn't seem to be a significant barrier to achievement

External - cultural deprivation - attitudes and values - cultural deprivation theorists

See lack of motivation as a major cause of failure of many black children
Some black children are socialised into a subculture that instills a live for today attitude and doesn't value educational success

External - cultural deprivation - attitudes and values - Archer and Francis (CRITICISM)

Found Chinese parents have high aspirations of their children.

External - cultural deprivation - family structure and parental support - Daniel Moynihan

Because many lone-parent families are headed by the mother children are deprived as she has to struggle for money
And also lacking a male role model
Sees cultural deprivation as a cycle

External - cultural deprivation - family structure and parental support- Murray

Lack of male role model leads to underachievement in some minorities

External - cultural deprivation - family structure and parental support- Scruton

Low achievement is a result of failure to embrace mainstream British culture

External - cultural deprivation - family structure and parental support- Ken Pryce

Comparison of black and Asian pupils finding Asian pupils are higher achievers as their culture is more resistant to racism
This is because the experience of slavery was culturally devastating

External - cultural deprivation - fathers gangs and culture - Sewell

problem is lack of fatherly nurturing or 'tough love' meaning black boys find it hard to overcome the emotional difficulties of adolescence
Street gangs offer loyalty and love maybe not available in the home

External - cultural deprivation - fathers, gangs and culture - Chris Arnot

The ultra tough ghetto superstar
An image constantly reinforced through rap lyrics and MTV videos

External - cultural deprivation - fathers, gangs and culture - gillborn - CRITICISM

Not peer pressure but institutional racism within the educational system

External - cultural deprivation - Asian families - Sewell

Found Asian families have an 'Asian Work ethic' with a high value on education

External - cultural deprivation - Asian families- Lupton

Adult authority in Asian families is similar to model that operates in schools