Skeletal System Review

Practice flashcards for reviewing key concepts from the skeletal system lecture.

What is the initial response to injuries in the skeletal system?

Inflammation.

List the 5 steps involved in healing.

1. Vasodilation 2. Swelling 3. Clot formation 4. Phagocytosis 5. Capillaries return to normal size.

What is proud flesh?

Too much granulation tissue.

What are the five functions of bone?

Support, protection, leverage, storage, and blood cell formation.

What type of cells produce bone?

Osteoblasts.

What are osteocytes and their role?

Osteocytes revert osteoblasts to repair injury.

What is the function of osteoclasts?

Remodel and remove bone, eat away bone, and withdraw calcium from bone storage.

What is the matrix in bone composed of?

Collagen fibers embedded in a gelatin-like substance made of proteins.

What two types of bone are there?

Cancellous bone and compact bone.

Where is cancellous bone found?

In the spaces between spicules and around bone marrow.

What is the Haversian system?

Concentric layers of ossified bone matrix arranged around a central canal.

What does the periosteum do?

Covers the outer surfaces of bones.

What is endochondral bone formation?

Cartilage creates a template that is later replaced by bone.

What is the role of maturating cartilage in bone growth?

It becomes the site where new bone develops allowing lengthening.

What are the classifications of joints?

Fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, and synovial joints.

What is a fibrous joint?

United by fibrous tissue and immovable.

What is the function of articular cartilage?

Covers the articular surfaces of bones.

What is the difference between compact and cancellous bone?

Compact bone is heavy and dense, whereas cancellous bone is spongy and light.

Which bones make up the appendicular skeleton?

Limbs and their attachments to the axial skeleton.

What are the movements allowed by synovial joints?

Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, rotation, and circumduction.

What forms the stifle joint?

The femur and tibia, along with the patella.

What major bones are involved in the pelvis?

Ilium, ischium, and pubis.