NREMT

Important terms

What are the six rights for patient care?

Right patient, drug, route, amount, time, documentation

What 2 diseases are part of COPD

Bronchitis and Emphysema

Hemoptysis

Cough Blood

Orthopnea

Difficulty breathing while laying down

Acute coronary system

Sudden reduction or blockage of blood flow to the heart

Diaphoresis

Excessive sweating

Hypertension

Systolic above 140 or diastolic above 90

Tinnitus

Ringing of ears

Aerobic

With oxygen, uses glucose as fuel source

Anaerobic

Without oxygen, body uses fat as fuel source

Three P’s of symptoms for diabetes related to hyperglycemia

Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia

Polyuria

Excessive urine due to glucose

Polydipsia

Excessive thirst due to dehydration

Polyphagia 

Excessive hunger due to cell starvation

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Body produces excess blood acids or ketones

Vasodilation

Enlargement of blood vessels

Anaphylaxis

Massive vasodilation

Massive vasodilation

distributive shock

Cholecystitus

Inflammation of gall bladder due to gallstones

Diverticulitis

Small pouches along the wall of the intestine filled with feces in Lower area

Ulcers

open wounds along digestive tract of stomach in upper area

Hematemesis

Vomit blood

Hematochezia

Bloody stool

Kidney stones/renal calculus

Crystals in kidneys that cause obstruction causing pain, flank pain

Alpha receptors

Vasoconstriction/muscle contraction

beta

Muscle relaxation/vasodilation

Primary blast

pressure wave of blast

Secondary blast

flying debris

Tertiary blast

thrown against an object

Miscellaneous

burns, inhalation

Epidural hematoma

Blood beneath skull, arterial bleed

Subdural hematoma

Blood above brain, venous bleed

Cushing response

sign of Inter-cranial pressure by hypertension, bradycardia, altered reparatory pattern

Becks triad

sign of Cardia Tamponade by JVD, muffled heart sounds, narrowing pulse pressure

Hemoptysis

Cough bloodEcchymos

Ecchymosis

Discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, caused by bruising

Wheezing

Whistle sound in asthma and CHF

Rhonchi

gurgling sound/fluid in airway, in COPD, pneumonia, cystic fibrosis

Stridor

High-pitched sound, obstruction in upper airway

Crackles or rales

Airway fluid in pulmonary edema

Hoarseness

raspy voice for possible infection/illness

Left heart failure

pulmonary edema

Right heart failure

Pedal edema and JVD

Lower GI bleed

Bright red vomitus or stool

Upper GI bleed

Dark red bleed, coffee ground

Cerebrum

Controls thoughts and memory

Hypothalamus

Body temp and hunger

Thalamus

Motor/sensory signals to cerebral cortex

Cerebellum

Coordinates voluntary movement and balance

What is the brain stem made of?

Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Midbrain

Maintaining consciousness and muscle tone

Pons

Respiratory pattern and depth

Medulla Oblongata

Maintains an appropriate pulse, blood pressure, and respiratory rate

Ligaments

Connect bone to bone

Tendons

Connect bone to muscle

Cartilage

Allows smooth movement of joints