U.S History Exam Review

Northwest

cool/rainy, fishing, cedar trees, totem poles

Eastern Woodlands

temperate, permanent house, hunting and farming

Roger Williams

founded Rhode Island

Maryland

Catholics

Georgia

buffer zone, for debtors

Mercantilism

colonies exist to serve mother country

Salutary Neglect

Britain ignores us during their war with France

French and Indian War (Seven Years War)

France and Indians vs. Britain and Colonies

Proclamation of 1763

no settling beyond Appalachian Mtns.

Sugar Act

1st Tax (on sugar) and 1st boycott by colonies

Townshend Duties

tax on paper, paint, lead, glass, and tea

Tea Act

lowered tax on tea, but made us buy from Britain

Boston Tea Party

342 Chests of Tea

American Revolution

1775-1781

Thomas Paine

Common sense- break from Britain

Saratoga

battle that brought French aid (1778)

Treaty of Paris

independence and land to the Mississippi River

Critical Period

1781-1789

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

process for new states, had equal rights to old states

Great Compromise

representation in congress

Constitution

1787

Checks and Balances

not too strong (Legislative, Judicial, Executive)

Bill of Rights

Amendments 1-10, added so that the Anti-Feds would ratify

Ratification

1788-1789

Federalist Papers

85 pro-constitution essays, written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay

Hamilton’s Financial Plan

national banks

State Banks

Jefferson approved

Assumption of Debt

federal government pays off state debt

Protective Tariff

tax on imports

Excise Tax

Whiskey Rebellion- crushed by GW

Strict Construction

national govt can only do what is written

Loose Construction

national govt can do what is necessary and proper

First American-Party System

Federalists and Democratic-Republicans

Neutrality Proclamation of 1793

refuse to enter French Revolution

Edmond Genet

tries to convince the U.S to join, gets the boot

Jay Treaty

Britain won’t leave forts, impressing our sailors

Pinckney Treaty

Spain- let us use New Orleans

GW’s Farewell Address

\-two terms

\-avoid political parties

\-avoid foreign stuffs

War Hawks

1810- Calhoun and Clay want war with Britain

War of 1812

with Britain because of impressment

Battle of New Orleans

Andrew Jackson- we think we won the war

Panic of 1819

financial panic to end Era of Good Feelings

Monroe Doctrine

Yeve Bebe Yone

Tariff of Abominations

really high tax on imports

Andrew Jackson

king Andrew

Nullification Crisis

SC nullifies Tariff of Abominations

Martin Van Buren

Panic of 1837- Van Ruin

Election of 1840

like a modern election

Dorothea Dix

asylum lady

Horace Mann and William McGuffey

education

Cult of Domesticity

separate genders- men make moolah, women care for kids

Seneca Falls Convention

1848

William Loyd Garrison

the Liberator

Nat Turner

violent uprising- 55 whites dead-whites kill 100s of slaves

Webster-Ashburton Treaty

Maine-Canada border-we get 7/12 and Canada gets 5/12

Polk

expansion, dark horse

Oregon

compromise with Britain

54 40 or fight

Oregon slogan

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

1848- U.S gets Cali, Nevada

Gadsden Purchase

bought from Mexico for railroads

Zachary Taylor

Milk and Cherries, vetoes Compromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850

Clay’s last Compromise

Republican Party

opposition to Kansas-Nebraska Act

Immigration

Irish (Pope-adilles), German

Know-Nothing Party

opposition to Immigrants

Pierce/Buchanan

did not help crisis

Election of 1860

Abe Lincoln, SC secedes

13th Amendment

free slaves

Gettysburg

turning point

Presidential Reconstruction

Lincoln allows South to get back very easily

Freedman’s Bureau

help black, mainly schooling

Congressional Elections of 1866

Republicans win 2/3 of Congress

Radical Reconstruction

Republicans

Reconstruction Act of 1867

5 military districts

14th Amendment

blacks are citizens :)

15th Amendment

black men can vote

Compromise of 1877

1876 election contested

New South

diversify economy

Solid South

DEMOCRAT

Gilded Age

1865-1900

New Immigration

China, Japan, Russia, Italy

Terence Powderly

Created Knights of Labor-all men could join

Samuel Gompers

leader of American Federation of Labor- only skilled white men

Plessy v. Ferguson

separate but equal

Booker T. Washington

black should gradually integrate

WEB duBois

blacks should integrate NOW!!

Homestead Act

1862- if live for five years on property, get 160 Acres

Helen Hunt Jackson

Century of Dishonor

Cleveland

Democrat, 2 non-consecutive terms,

Garfield’s death

rummage rummage

William McKinley

killed by crazy guy

the Maine

ship esplodes, blame Spain

yellow journalism

exaggerated newspaper stories

Spanish American War

1898-U.S wins easily-don’t annex Cuba-meddling

Disease

kills 10x more soldiers than bullets in SA War

Big Stick Diplomacy

TR-be diplomatic-have military power

Panama Canal

helped Panama get independence from Columbia

Great White Fleet

16 Battleships- World Tour 1907

Muckrakers

write about problems to prompt reform

Upton Sinclair

The Jungle