Pathology Ch. 1 Book Questions

After arriving at a differential diagnosis, information from which one of the following categories will best establish a final or definitive diagnosis?

Microscopic

The descriptive term that would best be used for a freckle is a:

Macule

Which one of the following terms describes the base of a lesion that is stalklike?

Pedunculated

Clinical diagnosis can be used to determine the final or definitive diagnosis of all of the following except:

Unerupted supernumerary tooth

Radiographic diagnosis would contribute to the definitive diagnosis of all of the following except:

A retained deciduous tooth

To determine the presence of blood dyscrasias, which one of the following would provide the most definitive information?

Laboratory blood tests

When an antifungal ointment or cream is used to treat angular cheilitis, which one of the following diagnostic categories is being used?

Therapeutic

Yellow clusters of ectopic sebaceous glands commonly observed on the buccal mucosa and evaluated through clinical diagnosis are most likely:

Fordyce granules

A slow-growing, bony, hard, exophytic growth on the midline of the hard palate is developmental and hereditary in origin. The diagnosis is determined through clinical evaluation. You suspect:

Torus palatinus

The "white line" observed clinically on the buccal mucosa that extends from anterior to posterior along the occlusal plane is:

Linea alba

Which one of the following occurs as an erythematous area, is devoid of filiform papillae, is oval to rectangular in shape, does not change its characteristics, and is located on the midline of the dorsal surface of the tongue?

Median rhomboid glossitis

Which one of the following diagnostic categories would the dental hygienist most easily apply to the preliminary evaluation of oral lesions?

Clinical

These examples of exostoses are found on the lingual aspect of the mandible in the area of the premolars. They are benign, bony, hard, and require no treatment. Radiographi-cally they appear as radiopaque areas and are often bilateral.

You suspect:

Mandibular tori

Which one of the following terms is most often used when describing mandibular tori?

Lobulated

Whic of the following conditions is a benign anomaly, has a diffuse is gray-to-white opaque appearance on the buccal mucosa, and is most commonly seen in adult Black indivuals?

Leukoedema

A patient has the clinical signs of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. The hygienist has the patient begin hydrogen peroxide rinses without culturing the bacterial flora. This action applies to which one of the following diagnostic categories?

Therapeutic

A small circumscribed lesion usually less than 1 cm in diameter that is elevated and protrudes above the surface of normal surrounding tissue is called a:

Papule

The base of a sessile lesion is:

Broad and flat

The identification of which one of the following is not determined by clinical diagnosis?

Compound odontoma

Another term for erythema migrans is:

Geographic tongue

The cause of supernumerary teeth is most likely:

Genetic

Historical diagnosis can include the patient's:

All of the above

Which condition is most often seen on the buccal mucosa?

Fordyce granules

Which one of the following is not considered a variant of normal?

Hairy leukoplakia

Which cyst is often described as a radiolucency that scallops around the roots of the teeth involved?

Traumatic bone

What percentage of erythroplakias is diagnosed as severe epithelial dysplasia or squamous cell carcinoma?

90%

Which of the following best describes the number of types of

HPV? More than:

130

Which one of the following terms best defines leukoplakia?

clinical

Gingival enlargement is caused by which of the following groups of drugs?

Calcium channel blockers

Because it is associated with candidiasis, an antifungal medication is used sometimes to help in the diagnosis or treatment of:

Central papillary atrophy

The best way to determine whether lingual thyroid contains the patient's functioning thyroid tissue is:

Thyroid scan

Retrocuspid papillae are found on the:

Lingual aspects of mandibular canines

The benign stratified squamous cell papilloma is considered low risk and is associated with which types of HPV?

6 and 11

The most common location for lingual thyroid is:

Between the foramen cecum and epiglottis

Which of the following is characterized by symptoms including dysphagia, dysphonia, and dyspnea?

Lingual thyroid

All of the following are characteristics of periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia except one. Which one is the exception?

Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase

All of the following are diagnosed without biopsy except one.

Which one is the exception?

Erythroplakia

A lesion is measured at 6 cm. What is approximate size of the lesion?

3 inches

Scrotal tongue is another term for:

Fissured tongue

Approximately one third of patients with fissured tongue will also have:

Erythema migrans

Which of the following HPV subtypes are most frequently associated with oropharyngeal carcinoma?

16 and 18

All of the following statements regarding leukoedema are true except one. Which is the exception?

It is considered a leukoplakia

Which of the following statements regarding geographic tongue is false?

It is seen exclusively on the tongue

The radiographic appearance of a complex odontoma shows a mass of:

c. Radiopacity

A supernumerary tooth between the maxillary centrals is called:

Mesiodens

Gingival enlargement can be caused by:

b. Nifedipine

Which appearance of the tongue is associated with Sjögren syndrome?

Cobblestone

The term pedunculated can be used to describe which lesion?

B. Fibroma

Where is Hirschfeld papilla found?

Lingual gingival margin of mandibular canines

Internal resorption will appear radiographically as:

Radiolucent and diffuse