Religion Test 4 Islam & Judaism

A comprehensive set of flashcards focusing on key terms and concepts related to Islam, designed for review and study.

Islam

A monotheistic religion that originated in the 7th century in Arabia, based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad.

Muhammad

The founder of Islam, considered the last prophet by Muslims.

Quran

The holy book of Islam, believed to be the word of God as revealed to Muhammad.

Five Pillars of Islam

The 5 basic acts of worship that are considered the foundation of a Muslim's faith and practice.

Salah

The ritualistic prayer performed 5 times a day in Islam.

Zakat

A form of almsgiving treated in Islam as a tax, essentially a welfare contribution.

Sawm

The fasting from dawn until sunset during the month of Ramadan.

Hajj

The pilgrimage to Makkah, which is required of Muslims who are physically and financially able to perform it at least 1 time in their lifetime.

Shahada

The Islamic declaration of faith, stating that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet.

Sunni

The largest branch of Islam, which accepts the first 4 caliphs as rightful successors to Muhammad.

Shia

A branch of Islam that holds that Ali, the cousin of Muhammad, was the rightful first caliph.

Mosque

A place of worship in Islam.

Ummah

The collective community of Islamic peoples, often referred to as the Muslim community.

Makkah

The holiest city in Islam, located in Saudi Arabia, which is the birthplace of the prophet Muhammad and the site of the annual Hajj pilgrimage.

Adan

Also known as the Adhan, it is the Islamic call to public prayer, typically announced 5 times a day from a mosque.

Allah

The Arabic word for God, the unique and singular deity in the monotheistic faith of Islam.

Minaret

A tall, slender tower that is a significant architectural feature of a mosque, traditionally used to deliver the call to prayer (Adan).

Ka’bah

The cube-shaped building located at the center of the Great Mosque in Makkah, and is the most sacred site in Islam towards which Muslims pray.

Adan

Also known as the Adhan, it is the Islamic call to public prayer, typically announced 5 times a day from a mosque.

Allah

The Arabic word for God, the unique and singular deity in the monotheistic faith of Islam.

Minaret

A tall, slender tower that is a significant architectural feature of a mosque, traditionally used to deliver the call to prayer (Adan).

Ka’bah

The cube-shaped building located at the center of the Great Mosque in Makkah, and is the most sacred site in Islam towards which Muslims pray.

Moses

The central prophet of Judaism who led the Israelites out of Egypt and received the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai.

Chuppah

A canopy used in Jewish wedding ceremonies, symbolizing the home that the new couple will build together.

Star of David

A six-pointed star used as a symbol of modern Jewish identity and Judaism.

Decalogue

Another name for the Ten Commandments, given to Moses by God.

Halakah

The collective body of Jewish religious laws derived from the Written and Oral Torah.

Hanukkah

An 8-day Jewish festival of lights commemorating the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem.

Holocaust

The systematic, state-sponsored genocide of approximately 6,000,000 Jews by the Nazi regime during World War II.

Israel

The ancestral homeland of the Jewish people and the modern state established in 1948.

Kosher

Food that is prepared and consumed according to the requirements of Jewish dietary law.

Menorah

A traditional Jewish lampstand with 7 branches for the Temple or 9 branches used during Hanukkah.

Bar Mitzvah

A coming-of-age ritual for a Jewish boy when he reaches the age of 13.

Pesach

The Jewish holiday of Passover, which celebrates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt.

Hashanah

Commonly referring to Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year and the beginning of the High Holy Days.

Talmud

A central text of Rabbinic Judaism containing records of rabbinic discussions on law, ethics, and tradition.

Torah

The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible, which form the foundational text of Judaism.

Western Wall

A sacred site in Jerusalem that is the last remaining portion of the retaining wall of the Second Temple.

Yom Kippur

The Day of Atonement, the holiest and most solemn day of the year in Judaism, spent in fasting and prayer.