Court Cases for CJ 212

Gideon v. Wainwright

The U.S Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment. imposed an affirmative obligation on the federal and state governments to provide legal counsel at public expense for those who could not afford it

Hurtado v CA

The USSSC ruled that the preliminary probable cause finding in a felony case could be made by a court hearing (a preliminary hearing) instead of by a grand jury

In re gualt

The USSC ruled that juveniles proceedings must observe the rudiments of due process of law ( like the right to a lawyer)

Hester v US

The USSC ruled that the open fields surrounding the house and curtilage are not entitled to the 4th amend. protection

Abel v US

The USSC ruled that "abandoned property" was not entitled to 4th amend. protection and could therefore be searched and seized without a warrant.

South Dakota v opperman

The USSC ruled that evidence of a crime seized without a warrant during a standard inventory search of a motor vehicle is admissible as evidence under the automobile inventory search exception to the 4th amend.

Katz v US

The USSC held that the 4th amend. protects persons from official intrusions as long as they have a reasonable expectation of privacy" that society is prepared to accept.

Illinois v. Gates

The USSC ruled that whether or not "probable cause" exists should be viewed as a commonsense practical question that must be decided in the light of the totality of circumstance in any given case

Frank v Delaware

The USSC ruled that criminal defendant could challenge the veracity (Truthfulness) of statements made by a law enforcement officer to obtain a search warrant. The hearing at which the challenge is made is called a "Franks hearing" and is held before the trial and if the statement supporting the search warrant are not true, the evidence might be suppressed and the case might be dismissed.

Carrol v US

it gave us the automobile exception to the 4th amend. search warrant requirement

Terry v Ohio

The USSC ruled that warrantless "stop and frisk" pat-down search for warrant is permissible to protect the safety of a law enforcement officer if there is "Reasonable suspicion" of criminal activity.

Weeks v US

The USSC gave us the "Exclusionary rule"

Mapps v Ohio

THe USSC ruled the exclusionary rule is applicable to the states by the status by way of the 14th amend.

Mallory v Hogan

THe USSC said that the 5th amend prohibits the extraction of confessions by “exertion of any improper influence”

Miranda v Arizona

The USSC ruled that before questioning a suspect in custody, police must advise the suspect of his right to remain silent and his right to have a layer present and failure to do so renders any confession inadmissible.

Kirby v Illinios

The USSC ruled that after formal charges are made, the defendant has a constitional right to have a layer present at a line-up

US v Salerno

The USSC ruled that the bail reform act of 1884 was constitutional and that a court, if the right facts are proven can refuse bail to an accused criminal