Cell Differentiation CH 11.4

Study

Cell Differentiations

Cell becomes specialized to perform a defined function. Are Multicellular organisms

Stem Cells

Cells without a defined function. Can learn to do any “job”. Copies/Mimics what surrounding cells are doing.

Heart cells, stomach cells, skin cells are example of what?

Cell Differentiations

Moral and Ethical issues that stem cells create is

“sacrifice” of an unborn(Abortion)

Regenerative Medicne

Using stem cells to repair diseases/illnness

Heart attack - portion of heart dies- insert stem cells and let them how to be heart cells. Is an example of what

Regenerative Medicine/use of stem cells

Multipotents

cells with limited potential to develop into many types of diffrerentiated cells

Pluripotent

cells that are capable of developing into most, but not all, of the body’s cell types

Tontipotent

cells that are able to develop into any type of cell found in the body (including cells that make up extraembryonic membrane and placenta)

Source of embryotic Stem Cell

fetal source, umbilical cord

Embryo

is the developing stage of a multicellular organism

Becomes different from the first embryotic cell it was produced from. Perform task of photosythesis, contraction, and protection.

Differentiation

Mapping differentiation

a specialized cell’s progress in turning into its identity to a different cell. Such ass nerve or muscle, etc.

Differentiation in mammals

Differentiation is more controlled and can reach to a point were its complete

Fertilized Eggs called Zygote, and the first few cells in cell division of embryonic development are

totipotent

blastocyst

early stage in mammals development which consist hallow ball of cells

Blastocyst starts to specialized, outer cells attach to the embryo, and inner cells becomes the embryo which is

Pluripotent/embryotic cells

Stem cells found in

early stages of embryo but can be find in some places in adult body

Adult stem cells produce new cells for cells that have a limited lifespan, like blood or skin cells. This is

multipotent

Embryo develops to

Blastocyst attaching its self to the outer cell mass and the inner cell mass becomes the embryo. They are able to differentiated to any cell.

Adult stem cells can be found in

bone marrow

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (IPS)

Is a new researched breakthrough that converts human fibroblast similar to embryotic stem cells