Spanish Stuart Hall Quiz

Significado denotativo

Denotative meaning is the literal, surface-level meaning of a sign, such as what an image shows.

Significado connotativo

Connotative meaning is the associated, culturally constructed meanings, ideas, and emotions that go beyond the literal

Codificación

Encoding is the process by which media producers create a message using specific codes and a set of professional ideologies and technical knowledge.

Decodificación

Decoding is the audience's process of interpreting that message, which can happen in three ways: a dominant-hegemonic reading (accepting the intended meaning), a negotiated reading (partially accepting it), or an oppositional reading (rejecting it). 

Lectura Preferencial

The audience accepts the meaning encoded by the producer, often because their social position aligns with the dominant ideology.

Lectura Negociada

The audience understands the preferred meaning but modifies it to fit their own experiences, beliefs, or social situation.

Lectura Opisiconal

The audience completely rejects the preferred reading and creates a different, often opposite, meaning. This happens when the audience's social position puts them in conflict with the message. 

Representación

refers to the active and constructed process of creating meaning (and social norms).

Reconstrucción

reconstruction is the critical re-examination and resignification of existing representations to forge new meanings. (challenges/rewrites existing social norms)

Discurso

a system of language, representation, and social practices that produces knowledge and meaning, shaping how we understand and act in the world. It's not just about what is said, but about how that language is tied to social actions, creating "rules" for how a topic can be discussed and understood. Discourses define what counts as true or common sense and can limit other ways of thinking, linking knowledge production to power structures.

Semiótica

the study of signs and how they create meaning in culture, using the theory to explain how representation works through language and symbols.

Extracturas del sentir

How a group of people feel in a set time.

Base económica

Foundation of society consisting of it’s economic and material systems (think The base includes the means of production (tools, factories) and the relations of production (class structures like employers and employees))

Superestructura

Politics, law, culture, religion, the non economic realm of society.

Teoría: Materialismo Cultura

Material objects carry social meaning and reflect a society's values, traditions, and way of life

Teoría: Liberalismo, Humanismo y Literatura

Liberal humanism is a literary theory that views literature as timeless and capable of revealing universal truths about a stable, rational human nature.