Oogenesis & Ovarian Cycle
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8 Terms
When do primary oocytes form and what is their meiotic status?
Form before birth from oogonia; arrested in prophase I until puberty
How many follicles remain by puberty (approx.)?
About 400,000 (from ~1.5 million at birth)
What are the three phases of the ovarian cycle?
Follicular phase → Ovulation → Luteal phase
What happens during the follicular phase?
FSH/LH stimulate ~20 primordial follicles; usually one becomes dominant and develops an antrum; granulosa cells secrete inhibin and estrogen
What triggers ovulation?
LH surge induced by high estrogen from the mature follicle; ovary surface ruptures and releases the secondary oocyte (around day 14)
What occurs in the luteal phase?
Ruptured follicle becomes corpus luteum, secreting progesterone, estrogen, and inhibin; if no fertilization, it degenerates in 10–13 days.
How does fertilization affect the corpus luteum?
Pre-embryo secretes hCG, which mimics LH and maintains the corpus luteum so it continues progesterone production
Which hormones provide negative feedback during the ovarian cycle?
Estrogen (low levels) and inhibin inhibit GnRH/FSH; high estrogen briefly causes positive feedback to trigger LH surge
Note 
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