Ap Bio 1

What is the fundamental unit of life?

The cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

What are the three domains of life?

The three domains of life are:

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya

What are the four major categories of organic molecules?

The four major categories of organic molecules are:

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. They are highly specific and essential for metabolism.

What is the fundamental unit of life?

The cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

What are the three domains of life?

The three domains of life are:

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya

What are the four major categories of organic molecules?

The four major categories of organic molecules are:

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. They are highly specific and essential for metabolism.

Carbohydrates

Monomers: Monosaccharides Examples: Glucose, Fructose Function: Provide energy and structural support in cells

Lipids

Examples: Fats, Oils, Phospholipids Function: Energy storage, insulation, and component of cell membranes

Proteins

Monomers: Amino Acids Examples: Enzymes, antibodies Function: Wide range of functions including catalysis, transport, and structural support

Nucleic Acids

Monomers: Nucleotides Examples: DNA, RNA Function: Store and transmit genetic information

What is the fundamental unit of life?

The cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

What are the three domains of life?

The three domains of life are:

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya

What are the four major categories of organic molecules?

The four major categories of organic molecules are:

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. They are highly specific and essential for metabolism.

What is the fundamental unit of life?

The cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

What are the three domains of life?

The three domains of life are:

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya

What are the four major categories of organic molecules?

The four major categories of organic molecules are:

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. They are highly specific and essential for metabolism.

Carbohydrates

Monomers: Monosaccharides Examples: Glucose, Fructose Function: Provide energy and structural support in cells

Lipids

Examples: Fats, Oils, Phospholipids Function: Energy storage, insulation, and component of cell membranes

Proteins

Monomers: Amino Acids Examples: Enzymes, antibodies Function: Wide range of functions including catalysis, transport, and structural support

Nucleic Acids

Monomers: Nucleotides Examples: DNA, RNA Function: Store and transmit genetic information

What are atoms?

The basic building blocks of matter, composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

What are molecules?

A group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

What is energy?

The capacity to do work, often categorized as potential or kinetic.

What is entropy?

A measure of disorder or randomness in a system.

Why is water polar?

Water molecules are polar due to uneven distribution of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen atoms. Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.

What is cohesion and adhesion in water?

Water's ability to form hydrogen bonds results in cohesion (attraction between water molecules) and adhesion (attraction between water molecules and other substances).

How does water moderate temperature?

Water's high heat capacity moderates temperature fluctuations, which is vital for maintaining stable environmental conditions for life.

Why is water a good solvent?

Water is an excellent solvent due to its polarity, allowing it to dissolve many ionic and polar substances. This is crucial for transporting nutrients and removing waste in living organisms.

What is pH?

pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H^+) in a solution. Acids have a higher concentration of H^+ ions (pH < 7), while bases have a lower concentration of H^+ ions (pH > 7).