whap vocab #3

Islam

Religion founded by Muhammad, based on submission to Allah

Muslim

A follower of Islam

Islamic / Islamicate

Islamic = religion, Islamicate = culture influenced by Islam

Caliph

Political and religious leader after Muhammad

Jizya

Tax on non-Muslims under Muslim rule

Sunni

Majority branch; leader chosen by ability

Shia

Minority branch; leader must be Muhammad’s family

Umayyad

First dynasty, capital Damascus, rapid expansion

Abbasid

Dynasty after Umayyads, golden age in Baghdad

Harun al-Rashid

Abbasid caliph during peak power and culture

Dhows

Triangular-sailed ships for Indian Ocean trade

Al-Mahdi

Abbasid caliph, tried to ease Shia tensions

Buyids

Persian group, controlled Abbasid caliphs

Seljuk Turks

Nomads, took power, defended Islam vs Crusaders

Mamluks

Slave soldiers, ruled Egypt, stopped Mongols

Sultan

Muslim political ruler (not always caliph)

Sultans of Delhi

Muslim rulers of Delhi Sultanate in India

Ibn Battuta

Muslim traveler who recorded Islamic world

Sufi

Islamic mystics, spread Islam through missions

Factions

Rival groups competing for power

Disseminate

To spread widely (ideas, culture, info)