Week 10 Genitourinary System and Integumentary System & Nails

defintion - a common, noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland in aging men

benign prostatic hypertrophy

which laying position - laying on side

left lateral decubitus

which laying position - laying on back with legs up (position for vaginal inspection) 

lithotomy

which laying position - legs straight but back bent over

standing

definition - patient holds breath and bears down 

valsalva manoeuvre

• No break in skin integrity or protrusion through the anus

which three parts make up the groin

• Inguinal ligament 

• Inguinal canal 

• Femoral canal

when preparing for a physical exam, what position do you start with, followed by?

supine then standing

most common STI

chalmydia

STIs make you more prone to what

UTIs

which part of the physical exam is often performed prior to urinary catheter insertion

inspection

Patients who are at risk for contracting an __ need to learn to perform a genital self-examination

STI

• assessment of transgender client is often relevant to the present anatomy, not gender (just remember this)

:)

definition - Pain felt in the side or upper back, usually between ribs and hips, indicating conditions like kidney stones, infections or injury 

kidney or flank tenderness

definition - painful menstruation

Dysmenorrhea

• Bleeding outside of normal menstrual period or after menopause 

• Bumps, blisters, sores, or warts

objective data: skin colour (inspection)

late sign of decreasing O2 levels

which colour

gray/white/blue (cyanosis)

decrease in hemoglobin or blood flow

which colour

pallor (pale)

• vitiligo (a chronic autoimmune condition where the immune system destroys melanocytes (pigment-producing cells), resulting in white patches on the skin, hair, or inside the mouth)

which colour

loss of pigmentation

• increase in bilirubin (a yellowish waste product formed when red blood cells break down, normally processed by the liver and excreted through bile and urine)

which colour

yellow (jaundice)

• dilation (the action or condition of becoming or being made wider, larger, or more open) or increased blood flow 

which colour

red (erythema)

• increased melanin (a natural pigment produced by cells called melanocytes, determining the color of human skin, hair, and eyes)

which colour

tan/brown

definition - excessive, often cold, sweating not triggered by heat or exercise, usually indicating an underlying medical condition, infection, or medication side effect

diaphoresis

definition - the pressure of cell contents (fluid) against the cell wall, providing rigidity, structural integrity, and growth in plant tissues)

turgor

how should the patient be lying during a breast assessment

supine and one arm behind their head

If the patient reports a mass what should you do

examine the opposite breast to ensure an objective comparison of normal and abnormal tissue

when assessing breast tissue, ese the pads of the first __ fingers to compress breast tissue gently against the chest wall, noting tissue consistency

three

Location and distribution on body of skin lesions: localized =

specific to one area

Location and distribution on body of skin lesions:

generalized = widespread over large areas throughout body

Nails:

definition - is a nursing assessment technique used to detect finger clubbing by examining the angle between the nail base and the skin

Profile sign - aka Lovibond's angle

Appear on the skin over a bony prominence when circulation is impaired

pressure injuries

how are pressure injuries assessed and what does it depend on

Assessed by stage (I–IV), depending on depth

definition - condition characterized by excessive, uncontrollable sweating beyond what is needed for body temperature regulation, often affecting the hands, feet, underarms, or face

excessive perspiration

definition -  fluid—including plasma, white blood cells, and enzymes—that seeps from a wound, facilitating healing by transporting nutrients and removing bacteria

wound drainage

definition - occurs when tissue, skin, or internal structures are torn or damaged as layers slide in opposite directions, commonly caused by intense pressure, friction, or rotational force

shearing injury