mcgrawhill connect chapter 5

Long-term elevated blood pressure is correlated with an increase in which of the following health problems?

• Heart disease

• Stroke

• Kidney disease

The two components of the cardiovascular system are the which pumps the blood, and the blood , which carry the blood.

Heart, Vessel

Blood brings carbon dioxide to the lungs, where it also picks up needed by cells of the body.

oxygen

Select the three main functions of the cardiovascular system.

• Transports cells of the immune system

• Transport gases, nutrients, and wastes

• Regulate temperature, pH, and salt balance

Select the three major types of blood vessels in the human body.

• Veins

• Arteries

• Capillaries

Which body system is primarily affected by hypertension?

Cardiovascular system

Select all components of the cardiovascular system.

• Heart

• Blood vessels

Select all functions of blood.

• Removes waste products from tissues

• Carries nutrients to tissues

The functions of the cardiovascular system include generation of blood pressure by the heart, transportation of blood, regulation of blood flow and

exchanges of nutrients, wastes, and gases at the capillaries

Arteries feed directly into smaller blood vessels called

arterioles

Through the walls of which of the following blood vessels does the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes take place?

Capillaries

Select all of the following that are components of a typical vein.

• Valves

• Endothelium

• Connective tissue

The middle layer of an arteriole contains mostly

smooth muscle

Venules are small veins that drain blood from smaller blood vessels called

capillaries, capillary, capillarys, or capilaries

Capillary walls are made of

a single layer of epithelial cells attached to a basement membrane

Which type of blood vessel has valves to prevent the backflow of blood

Veins

The muscular organ located between the lungs directly behind the sternum is the

heart

Small veins that drain blood from capillaries are called

venules or venule

The myocardium consists of which type of muscle tissue?

Cardiac

Which of the following is a type of cell junction that aids in simultaneous contractions of cardiac fibers?

Gap junction

Strong-walled blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called

arteries

The membranous sac that supports and protects the heart is the

pericardium

The human heart is located between the lungs and is tilted with the apex angled to the individual's

left

An internal wall called the
separates the right and left sides of the heart.

septum

The major portion of the heart is the which is composed of cardiac muscle tissue.

myocardium

Select all correct characterizations of desmosomes.

• They are a part of the intercalated disks of the heart.

• They help bind adjacent cardiac cells together.

• They are a type of junction between cells.

The human heart has four chambers; two atria and two

ventricles or ventricle

The human heart has how many chambers?

4

The superior chambers of the heart, which receive blood from veins, are called

atria, atrium, or atriums

Which of the following return blood from the coronary capillary beds, and empty into the right atrium?

Cardiac veins

The heart valves that prevent blood in the pulmonary artery and aorta from re-entering the ventricles are the

semilunar valves

The myocardium receives oxygen and nutrients from which blood vessels?

Coronary arteries

The heart valve that prevents blood from re-entering the left atrium from the left ventricle is the

mitral valve

Select the two main blood vessels that carry blood into the right atrium of the heart.

• Inferior vena cava

• Superior vena cava

After blood leaves the tricuspid valve, what structure will it encounter next?

Right ventricle

The heart valves that prevent blood in the pulmonary artery and aorta from re-entering the ventricles are the

semilunar valvessemilunar valves

Select the main blood vessels that carry blood immediately away from the right and left ventricles of heart.

• Aorta

• Pulmonary trunk

Which of the following chambers of the human heart has the thickest wall?

Left ventricle

After blood leaves the tricuspid valve, what structure will it encounter next?

Right ventricle

The resting or relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle is called

diastole

Why is the human heart referred to as a double pump?

Because each side of the heart pumps blood to different areas of the body

The part of the cardiac cycle during which the chambers of the heart contract is called

systole

Aortic semilunar valve

Between left ventricle and aorta

Bicuspid or mitral valve

Between left atrium and ventricle

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

Tricuspid valve

Between right atrium and ventricle

Select all of the following that are part of the electrical conduction system within the heart.

• AV node

• SA node

• Purkinje fibers

External control of the heart is maintained by nervous stimulation and by chemicals called such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are released from the adrenal glands.

hormones, hormone, neurotransmitters, or neurotransmitter

If a person stands rigidly for a long period of time, they are likely to faint because

• poor venous return deprives the brain of oxygen

• lack of muscle contraction allows blood to collect in the limbs

Which of the following refers to uncontrolled irregular activity of the ventricles?

Ventricular fibrillation

Select all of the following that are true about blood flow in veins.

• Blood pressure tends to be low.

• Contraction of skeletal muscles surrounding veins helps move blood back towards the heart.

• Veins have valves that prevent the backward flow of blood.

In the pulmonary circuit, blood flows from the pulmonary into the atrium

vien, left

Return of venous blood is normally dependent on which three factors?

• Respiratory pump

• Skeletal muscle pump

• Valves in veins

The hepatic portal vein transports blood from the capillary beds of the digestive tract to a capillary bed in the

liver

Select all correct statements about the venae cavae.

• They are the largest veins in the systemic circuit.

• The inferior vena cava collects blood from the lower body.

Atherosclerosis is the build up of fatty deposits in the arteries. These lesions are specifically called atherosclerotic

plaques, calcifications, or plaque

Select all correct statements about the venae cavae.

• They are the largest veins in the systemic circuit.

• The inferior vena cava collects blood from the lower body.

When doctors are considering treating a person for hypertension, the Blank______ pressure represents the resting pressure of the cardiovascular system.

diastolic

An embolus that becomes completely stationary when it lodges in a small blood vessel is called a

thromboembolism or thromboembolus

The medical procedure during which a plastic tube is inserted into a blood vessel and a balloon is then used to inflate a blocked vessel is

angioplasty

The drug t-PA works as a treatment for thromboembolism because it

converts plasminogen into plasmin