CHEM 103- Quiz 1 Vocabulary

density

a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume (density= mass/volume)

atom

the smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristic properties of that element

molecule

an electrically neutral group of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement that retains the composition and chemical chemical characteristics of a compound

element

a pure chemical substance consisting of ONE type of atom

compound

a pure chemical substance consisting of TWO OR MORE different chemical elements

extensive properties

a property of a sample of matter that depends on the amount of matter present. examples include mass, volume, length

intensive properties

a property of a sample of matter does NOT depend on the amount of matter present (independent of the amount). an example of this is density

covalent bond

a type of chemical bond where two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

nucleus

massive, positively charged center of an atom

electron

negatively charged, subatomic particle of relatively low mass located outside the nucleus

physical change

a change in a substance’s physical form or appearance without changing its chemical composition (ex: ice melting into water)

chemical change

a process where one or more substances are transformed into new substances with different chemical properties and compositions

hydrogen bond

a weak chemical attraction that occurs when a hydrogen atom, which is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atoms (like oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine), is attracted to another electronegative atom nearby

proton

positively charged, subatomic particle located in the nucleus

neutron

uncharged, subatomic particle located in the nucleus