GIN Exam 4 Drugs

Adalimumab brand

Humira

Adalimumab class

TNF inhibitor

Adalimumab MOA

Binds and inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha, reducing inflammation and altering immune response

Adalimumab side effects

Headache, rash, nausea, injection site reaction, hyperlipidemia, hematuria, elevation of ALK/CK, arthralgia

Adalimumab dose

40 mg SQ q2w

Adalimumab contraindications

Active infections

Adalimumab BBW

Increased risk of serious infections, lymphoma or other malignancies may occur

Etanercept brand

Enbrel

Etanercept class

TNF inhibitor

Etanercept MOA

Binds and inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha, reducing inflammation and altering immune response

Etanercept dose

50 mg SQ qW-q2W depending on disease state

Etanercept BBW

Increased risk of serious infections, lymphoma or other malignancies may occur, active tuberculosis has been reported

Potassium chloride brand

Klor-Con, Micro-K

Potassium chloride class

Electrolytes

Potassium chloride MOA

Replaces potassium

Potassium chloride side effects

N/V, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea

Potassium chloride dose

20-25 mEQ PO qD

Potassium chloride contraindications

Hyperkalemia, delayed GI transit, GI obstruction

Vitamine D brand

Ergocalciferol (D2), cholecalciferol (D3)

Vitamin D class

Vitamin D

Vitamin D MOA

Stimulates intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption, stimulates bone mineralization

Vitamin D side effects

Hypercalcemia, nausea, anemia, weakness

Vitamin D dose

400-2000 u PO qD

Vitamine D contraindications

Hypercalcemia, hypervitaminosis D

Ferrous sulfate brand

Feosol, Fer-in-Sol, Slow FE, Feratab

Ferrous sulfate class

Iron supplement

Ferrous sulfate MOA

Source of elemental iron

Ferrous sulfate side effects

Dyspepsia, N/V, constipation, diarrhea, dark fecal discoloration

Ferrous sulfate dose

150-325 mg qD

Ferrous sulfate contraindications

Hemolytic anemia, ulcerative colitis

Folic acid class

Vitamin B-9

Folic acid MOA

Participates in DNA synthesis and erythropoiesis

Folic acid side effects

Nausea, abdominal pain, flatulence, irritability, rash

Folic acid dose

1 mg PO qD

Cyanocobalamin class

Vitamin B-12

Cyanocobalamin MOA

Essential component and participant in physiologic systems

Cyanocobalamin side effects

Headache, nausea, anxiety, nervousness

Cyanocobalamin dose

1000 mcm SQ/IV qMonth

Lubiprostone brand

Amitiza

Lubiprostone class

Chloride channel activator, GI agent

Lubiprostone dose

Constipation: 24 mcg BID, IBS with constipation: 8 mcg BID, opioid induced constipation: 8 mcg BID

Lubiprostone contraindications

Syncope, hypotension

Lactulose brand

Constulose, Enulose, Generlac, Kristalose

Lactulose class

Ammonium detoxicant laxative

Lactulose dose

10-20 g qD

Lactulose contraindications

Low galactose diet, caution in pts with diabetes since solution contains galactose and lactose, monitor for electrolyte imbalance

Diphenoxylate/atropine brand

Lomotil

Diphenoxylate/atropine class

Antidiarrheal

Diphenoxylate/atropine dose

5 mg diphenoxylate QID PRN

Diphenoxylate/atropine contraindications

Obstructive jaundice, diarrhea associated with pseudomembranous enterocolitis

Rifaximin brand

Xifaxan

Rifaximin class

Rifamycin antibiotic

Rifaximin dose

hepatic encephalopathy: 550 mg PO BID, traveler’s diarrhea: 550 mg TID for 14 days, diarrhea: 200 mg TID for 3 days

Rifaximin contraindications

Potentially significant interactions may exist, requiring dose or frequency adjustment, additional monitoring, and/or selection of alternative therapy