APHG 5.4/5: The Second Agricultural Revolution and The Green Revolution

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms related to the Second Agricultural Revolution and the Green Revolution, providing definitions and details that are essential for understanding the topics.

Agricultural Revolution

A period of significant agricultural development marked by new farming techniques and improved crop yields.

Intensive Agriculture

Agricultural system that uses a lot of labor and capital relative to the land area to increase productivity.

Extensive Agriculture

Agriculture that uses small amounts of labor and capital relative to the land area, often characterized by low productivity per land unit.

Second Agricultural Revolution

The transformation of agriculture that occurred in Great Britain around 1750, characterized by technological advancements and increased food production.

Enclosure Movement

A series of laws in Britain that allowed landowners to enclose communal lands, leading to larger farms and the rise of commercial agriculture.

Crop Rotation

The practice of alternating the crops grown on a particular piece of land to maintain soil fertility and reduce pest and weed pressure.

Mechanical Agriculture

The use of machinery to enhance the efficiency of agricultural production.

Green Revolution

A period in the mid-20th century when agricultural practices were transformed through the development of high-yield crop varieties and the increased use of fertilizers and pesticides.

Norman Borlaug

An American agronomist who played a key role in the Green Revolution by developing improved agricultural techniques that increased food production.

Double Cropping

The practice of growing two or more crops in the same space during a single growing season.

Biodiversity

The variety and variability of life forms within a given ecosystem, region, or on the entire Earth.

Fertilizers

Substances added to soil or plants to provide nutrients essential for growth and increase crop production.

Pesticides

Chemicals used to kill or control pests that damage crops.