Chemistry - Unit 5 Flashcards

round 5 of chem flashcards, we got this u guys :D

this unit is chucking a bunch of stuff at us, so I'm going to put some review cards so we don't forget some important lil details

yeah.

aight let's start where this unit started, what is an element?

a substance made from 1 type of atom

monoatomic

made of 1 atom

diatomic

made up of 2 atoms

polyatomic

made of many, many atoms

compound

2 or more elements that are chemically bonded

molecule

group of atoms that are ~covalently~ bonded

what kind of atom cannot be in a molecule?

a metal
reminder: covalent bonding is only nonmetals. no forgetsies.

pOp QuiZ!

muahahaha

what do the little numbers in a chemical formula represent?

the amount of atoms of a certain element in a particle

what do the BIG numbers in a chemical formula represent?

the number of particles - also called a ~coefficient~

what do the letters in a chemical formula represent

the type of element

time for ur favvvvvv parttttt ->

~CHEMICAL REACTIONS~

WHAT IS COMBINATION/SYNTHESIS?

simple compounds -> complex ones

A + B -> AB

decomposition

~break it down~
complex compounds -> simple compounds
AB -> A + B

single replacement

an atom tries to steal another atom's girl
or if we wanna be profesh, one atom takes the place of another
AX + B -> BX +A

BUT WAIT, what's special ab single replacement?

reaction only occurs if B is MORE REACTIVE than A
CHECK REACTIVITY. CHECK IT. IF NOT, I WILL SUE.

double replacement

two atoms switchie places
AX + BY -> AY + BX
write the POSITIVE ION FIRST

combustion

hydrocarbon reacts w/ oxygen and goes boom, becoming carbon dioxide and agua
or hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas in an ~exothermic~ reaction

time fo' special weshal decomposition

yeehaw

special decomposition - chlorate

Metal (A)Chlorate(B) → Metal (A) Chloride + O2
occurs if there is a metal and chlorate in the reactant of a chemical equation

special decomposition - hydroxide

element hydroxide -> element oxide + water
- only applies if singular bond ends w/ hydroxide

special decomposition - carbonate

XCO3 -> XO + CO2
- ionic compounds

what is the Law of Conservation of Matter/Mass?

MATTER CANNOT BE CREATED OR GO BOOM AND BYE (be destroyed), IT CAN ONLY CHANGE ITS FORM

OKAY there's some elements that are a little funky and have 2 or more atoms when by themself, what are they?

Sir S.P. BrINClHOF

(Sulfur 8, Phosphorous 4, Bromine 2, Iodine 2, Nitrogen 2, Chlorine 2, Hydrogen 2, Oxygen 2, Fluorine 2)

predict the products then write and balance the following equations

mhm

calcium carbonate

combustion of C12H26 (the numbers are supposed to be subscripts)

Iron (II) Chloride + Sodium Phosphate ->

congrats ur at the end, check the resource page for practice :)