Hormones

5.0(1)
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/79

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Accounting

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

80 Terms

1
New cards

Where is ADH produced?

hypothalamus (sent to posterior pituitary gland)

2
New cards

What does ADH target?

kidneys, blood vessels, and intestines

3
New cards

What is the cause of ADH production?

dehydration and increase in blood osmolarity

4
New cards

Effect of ADH on body

water retention and vasoconstriction

5
New cards

Where is aldosterone produced?

adrenal cortex

6
New cards

What does aldosterone target?

kidneys and sweat glands

7
New cards

Cause of aldosterone production

decrease in blood volume & decrease in Na+ or increase in K+ in blood plasma

8
New cards

Effect of aldosterone on body

increase water and Na+ retention; increase in K+ excretion; regulates blood volume and pressure

9
New cards

Where is calcitonin produced?

thyroid gland

10
New cards

What does calcitonin target

bones and kidneys

11
New cards

What is the cause of calcitonin production

high [blood calcium]

12
New cards

Calcitonin effect on body

decreases calcium in blood (osteoblast)

13
New cards

Where is cortisol produced

adrenal cortex

14
New cards

What does cortisol target

all cells

15
New cards

What is the cause of cortisol production

hormonal (ACTH)

16
New cards

Cortisol effect on body

regulates glucose metabolism and primary stress hormone; increase glucose formation from glycogen in liver; increase gluconeogenesis from fats and proteins

17
New cards

Where is epinephrine produced?

adrenal medulla

18
New cards

What does epinephrine target

all cells (especially blood vessels and heart)

19
New cards

What is the cause of epinephrine production

neural (associated with fight or flight)

20
New cards

Epinephrine effect on body

increase heart rate, strength, and blood pressure; increase glycogen and fat catabolism for E

21
New cards

Where is erythropoietin produced?

kidneys and liver

22
New cards

What does erythropoietin target

bone marrow

23
New cards

Cause of erythropoietin production

low [blood oxygen]

24
New cards

Erythropoietin effect on body

increase [blood oxygen] because of increase erythrocytes

25
New cards

Where is estrogen produced?

ovary, testes, placenta, adrenal cortex

26
New cards

Where does estrogen target

ovary, uterus, mammary gland

27
New cards

Cause of estrogen production

puberty and pregnancy

28
New cards

Effects of estrogen on body

secondary sex characteristics; pregnancy preparation and continuation; accumulation of fat

29
New cards

Where is FSH produced?

anterior pituitary gland

30
New cards

What does FSH target?

ovaries and testes

31
New cards

What is the cause FSH production

GnRH

32
New cards

Effect of FSH on the body

males- stimulates sperm production; females- stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen

33
New cards

Where is gastrin produced?

stomach

34
New cards

What does gastrin target

chief and parietal cells in the stomach

35
New cards

Cause of gastrin production

food reaching the stomach

36
New cards

Effect of gastrin on body

chief- secrete HCl; parietal- helps with digestion

37
New cards

Where is glucagon produced?

pancreas (alpha cells)

38
New cards

What does glucagon target

liver and adipose tissue

39
New cards

Cause of glucagon production

low blood glucose levels

40
New cards

Effect of glucagon on body

increase blood sugar level

41
New cards

Where is GnRH produced?

hypothalamus

42
New cards

What does GnRH target

anterior pituitary gland

43
New cards

Where is insulin produced?

pancreas (beta cells)

44
New cards

Where does insulin target

most cells

45
New cards

Whats the cause of insulin production

high blood glucose levels

46
New cards

Insulin effect on body

decrease blood sugar levels

47
New cards

Where is LH produced?

anterior pituitary gland

48
New cards

Where does LH target?

ovaries and testes

49
New cards

Effect of LH on body

males- stimulates hormone productiuon; females- triggers ovulation and stimulates ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone

50
New cards

Cause of LH production

GnRH

51
New cards

Where is melatonin produced?

pineal gland

52
New cards

Where does melatonin target?

hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland

53
New cards

What causes production of melatonin

light/dark cycle, mood, puberty timing

54
New cards

Effect of melatonin on body

sleep/wake cycles, preproduction patterns and development

55
New cards

Where is Norepinephrine produced?

adrenal medulla

56
New cards

Where does norepinephrine target

all cells (especially heart and blood vessels)

57
New cards

Cause of norepinephrine production

neural (assosciated with fight or flight)

58
New cards

effect of norepinephrine

increase heart rate, strength, and blood pressure; increase glycogen and fat catabolism for E

59
New cards

Differences between epinephrine and norepinephrine

different structure= binds to different receptors; epi secretion- by adrenal only; norepi secretion- adrenal and brain neurons

60
New cards

Where is oxytocin produced?

Hypothalamus (stored in posterior pituitary)

61
New cards

Where does oxytocin target

uterus, mammary glands, and male reproductive tract

62
New cards

Cause of oxytocin production

neural

63
New cards

Effect of oxytocin on body

smooth muscle contraction in body; milk release/ejection; uterine contraction; ejaculation

64
New cards

Where is PTH produced?

parathyroid gland

65
New cards

Where does PTH target

bones and kidneys

66
New cards

Cause of PTH production

low [blood calcium]

67
New cards

Effect of PTH on body

increase calcium in blood (osteoclast)

68
New cards

Where is secretin produced?

small intestine (duodenum)

69
New cards

What does secretin target

pancreas, stomach, and liver

70
New cards

What causes the production of secretin

active chyme (food)

71
New cards

Effect of secretin on the body

pancreas sends out digestive juice rich in bicarbonate; inhibits gastric production in stomach; stimulates liver to produce bile; overall regulate pH within duodenum

72
New cards

Where is testosterone produced?

testes, ovaries, and adrenal glands

73
New cards

Where does testosterone target?

prostate, seminal vesicle, and bones

74
New cards

Cause of testosterone production

mainly puberty

75
New cards

Effect of testosterone on body

secondary sex characteristics, spermatogenesis, bone muscle health

76
New cards

Where is TH produced?

thyroid gland

77
New cards

Where is TRH produced?

hypothalamus

78
New cards

Where is TSH produced?

anterior pituitary gland

79
New cards

TRH, TSH, TH

TRH (low TH levels(hypothalamus)) ---> TSH (APG)------> TH (thyroid)

80
New cards

TH effect on body

increase ATP & enzyme heat production; increase muscle and bone development