Disorder

Symptoms

Causes

Treatment

Vaginitis

Swelling, itching, burning

Bacteria, yeast, and fungus This is very common and most women will have it at least once in their lives.

Dependent upon cause: Antibiotics, antifungal medications

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

pain in abdomen, fever, unusual discharge from vagina with bad odor, pain or bleeding during sex, burning during urination, bleeding between periods

Often caused by some STDs like chlamydia and gonorrhea

antibiotics can treat bacteria but any damage may be irreversible

Endometriosis

Pain usually in abdomen, lower back, or pelvic areas; heavy periods and bleeding between periods; painful menstrual cramps; most women are asymptomatic until they struggle with infertility

Unknown

No cure treatments help with pain and infertility. Include pain medicines, hormone treatments, and surgery

Ovarian Cysts-

fluid filled sac

Mostly asymptomatic, pelvic pain, bloating

Follicle (that holds the egg) does not dissolve after ovulation occurs

Time, medication or surgery

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)

Confusion, Diarrhea, General ill feeling, headaches, high fever, low blood pressure, muscle aches, nausea, redness of eyes, mouth throat, widespread red rash that looks like sunburn

Bacteria

Antibiotics for any infection, removal of materials, Drainage of infection sites

Cervical Cancer

Pre-cancers and Early cancers - No Symptoms

Late stages - Abnormal vaginal bleeding, unsual discharge, pain during sex

Almost all cervical cancers are caused by HPV - higher risk if you smoke, have had many children, use birth control pills for a long time.

Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination. Vaccines can protect against several types of HPV including some that can cause cancer.

Breast Cancer

May include a lump in the breast, a change in size or shape of the breast, and discharge from a nipple

Cause is unknown but many risk factors: Age, Genes - BRCA1 and BRCA2, obesity, hormone replacement therapy, birth control pills, alcohol, not having children or first child after age 35, having dense breasts, beginning periods before age 12, going through menopause after 55

Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination.

Infertility

Unable to conceive after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex

Numerous causes including but not limited to: polycystic ovarian syndrome, low egg count, endocrine system disorders, fallopian tube obstruction, and uterine abnormalities

Dependant on the cause: surgery, hormonal treatments, artificial insemination

Disorder

Symptoms

Causes

Treatment

Undescended testes

one or both testes fails to move from abdomen into scrotum

premature birth and/or hormonal disorders caused by genetics or health of the mother

self-correction, surgery and/or

hormonal treatment

Erectile Dysfunction

inability to achieve or sustain an erection for sex (15-30 million American men)

alcoholism, illnesses such as MS, diabetes, heart disease, side effects of certain medicine, depression, anxiety, stress

dependent upon the cause: medication, therapy, treatment for CVD

Testicular Torsion

• Sudden, severe pain or swelling in the scrotum
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• A testicle that's positioned higher than normal or at an unusual angle
• Frequent urination
• Fever

Young boys who have testicular torsion typically wake up due to scrotal pain in the middle of the night or early in the morning.

Inherited trait that allows the testicle to rotate freely inside the scrotum; Testicular torsion often occurs several hours after vigorous activity, after a minor injury to the testicles or while sleeping.

Risk factors:

Age. Testicular torsion is most common between ages 12 and 18.

Previous testicular torsion.

Family history

Testicular torsion usually requires emergency surgery. If treated quickly, the testicle can usually be saved. But when blood flow has been cut off for too long, a testicle might become so badly damaged that it has to be removed.

Epididymitis- an infection in the epididymis

A swollen, red or warm scrotum

Testicle pain and tenderness, usually on one side, that usually comes on gradually

Painful urination or an urgent or frequent need to urinate

Discharge from the penis

Pain or discomfort in the lower abdomen or pelvic area

Blood in the semen

untreated STIs,

bladder/prostate infection

urine in the epididymis

trauma to the groin

antibiotics or surgery if the case requires medical intervention

Inguinal hernia

intestines bulge through weak area in scrotal wall (lump, pain); a heavy feeling in the groin; occasional swelling around the testicles

Pressure in the abdomen: obesity, heavy/improper lifting,

straining during bowel movement; chronic coughing and/or sneezing

minor surgery (especially since some forms can be life threatening)

Prostate Cancer

Trouble urinating

Decreased force in urine stream

Blood in semen

Pelvic discomfort

Erectile dysfunction

Heredity, race (African American men carry a greater risk), family history and obesity, high fiber/nutrient dense diet

Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination.

Testicular Cancer

Enlargement in the testicle

Heaviness in the scrotum

Dull ache in the scrotum

age 15-35 is highest risk, undescended testes, family history, race (more common in white men)

Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination.

Sterility

Unable to conceive after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex

low or abnormal sperm production,

hormonal imbalance,

side effects of male disorders,

side effects of drugs/medicine

artificial insemination,

hormone therapy, surgery