science ch. 13

naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, crystal structure, chemical, composition

What are the 5 criteria for minerals to be minerals?

ice is a solid unlike water

What makes ice a mineral but not water?

one breaks along a smooth surface and the other breaks along a rough surface

what is the difference from cleavage and fracture?

from magma and water

What are the 2 ways crystallization can occur?

luster, color, streak, hardness, density, sharp

What are the 6 mineral property tests to distinguish between minerals?

ores

What are the minerals that can be produced for a profit called?

no, they never will be

Are minerals formed from living organisms (organic matter)?

one is flat shaped and the other is not

what is the difference between Foliated and Non-Foliated

when the mineral composition or texture changes

What is metamorphism

The igneous rock, when magma cools and crystallizes inside Earth

Intrusive rock

The igneous rock, when lava cools and crystallizes on Earth’s surface

Extrusive rock

The process that moves large amounts of rock up to Earth’s surface and to higher elevations

Uplift

Glaciers, wind, and rain - organisms - break down sediment

Weathering and Erosion

Weathering and Erosion

What external process keeps rocks moving in the rock cycle?

The process of laying down sediment in a new location

Deposition

The weight of overlying laying of sediment pushes the grains of the bottom layers closer together

Compaction

dissolved minerals crystallize, cementing grains together

Cementation

Quartz and calcite

What 2 minerals help cementation?

Earth is broken into rigid plates that move due to thermal energy

Rocks and Plate tectonics

Tectonic plates moving

What internal process allows for the rock cycle to continue?