AMSCO AP World History 7.1

7.1: Shifting Power

Essential Question: How did internal and external factors contribute to change in various states after 1900?

Revolution in Russia

• Many internal challenges
  • slow to expand education for peasants
  • slow to build more roads and methods of transportation
  • Tsarist gov resisted calls for political reforms
  • Revolution of 1905- 400,000 workers refused to work
  • Bloody Sunday 1905- peaceful march by thousands of workers asking for better working conditions
• Led to external challenges
  • Lost Crimean War (1853-1856) against the Ottoman empire
  • Lost Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), a battle for control in Asia
• Bolsheviks, revolutionary working class of Russia, seized power and set up communist government
• Success of Bolsheviks changed the world, because it was the first example of a communist force leading a country

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Upheaval in China

• Qing dynasty in power since 1644, overthrown finally by revolution in 1911
• Internal Challenges
  • ethnic differences and tension
  • danger of famine due to rapid population growth. Agriculture systems could not keep up with the people
  • low government revenues
• External challenges
  • Industrialization in the rest of the world
  • Europeans bought tea, rhubarb, porcelain, silk
  • Chinese were not as interested in European goods
  • in response to European influence in China, many people rallied behind the empress in 1890s
• Chinese Republic
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