NURM-101 Leadership, Management, Technology and Informatics Exam Review

Leadership

Process of persuading and influencing others towards a goal through mostly non-coercive means

• Composed of a wide variety of roles

• Mentors and helps, tells you AND helps you do something

• Doing the right things

• Process of influence 

• Way of behaving, an interpersonal ability to cause others to respond, not because they HAVE to but because they WANT to

• Encourage others to be their best selves and work collaboratively

Management

Process of leading and directing all or part of an organization through the deployment and manipulation of resources

• Tells you what to do

• Doing things right

Teamwork and Collaboration

Function effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams, fostering open communication, mutual respect, and shared decision making to achieve quality patient care (QSEN)

Quality Improvement

Systematic and continuous actions leading to measurable improvement in health care services and the health status of targeted patient groups

Patient Centered Care

Recognize the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s preferences, values and needs (QSEN)

Important Leadership Skills

Communication
Initiative
Respect

Autocratic

Authoritative, dictational strong control over group

• Manager retains as much power and decision making as possible

• Control the group and do everything

Laissez-faire

Non directive, permissive, little or no control

• Also known as “hands off approach”

Clinical care coordination skills

• Clinical decisions

• Priority setting

• Organizational skills

• Use of resources

• Time management

• Evaluation

• Clinical reasoning/judgment

Nurse Leader

Oversees team of nurses and other healthcare professionals, making decisions and directing patient care initiatives 

• They have advanced knowledge and are focused on improving patient health outcomes

Nurse Manager

Not typically involved in direct patient care but rather focused on managing daily operations and supervising staff

• The position requires an understanding of business management, as nurse managers are often in charge of budgeting

Organizational structure

Refers to way in which groups are formed, lines of communication and means for channeling authority and making decisions

Chain of command

Formal paths of communication and authority

Philosophy

• Flows from mission and delineates a set of beliefs and values guiding the organization

  • Nursing philosophy

Mission

States why the organization exists

Vision

Describes future organization goals

Magnet Status is awarded by the

ANA

Change Management

• Different people react differently to change

• Everyone has fundamental needs that have to be met

• Change often involves a loss

• Expectations need to be managed realistically

• Fears have to be dealt with

Resistance to Change

• Threat to self

• Lack of understanding

• Limited tolerance to change

• Difference in beliefs - Disagreements about benefits of change

• Fear of increased responsibility

Planned Change Steps

1. Recognize the need for change

2. Identify problems to change

3. Determine and analyze solutions

4. Select a course of action

5. Have a plan in place

6. Implement the course of action

7. Evaluate the change

8. Stabilize the change

Positive forces for change

Driving forces

Negative forces for change

Restraining forces

Unfreeze

• Examine status quo

• Increase driving forces for change

• Decrease resisting forces against

Moving

• Take action

• Make changes

• Involve people

Refreeze

• Make change permanent

• Establish new way of things

• Reward desired outcomes

Conflict

Internal or external discord that results from differences in values, ideas or feelings between 2+ people

• Scarce resources

• Individual behavior

• Restructuring

• Diversity with gender and age

• Chipotle

• Poorly defined roles

• Workload-staffing changes

• Poor communication

Conflict Resolution Strategies

• Compromising

• Competing - Approach results in win for one party at the expense of the other

• Cooperating/Accommodating - One party makes a conscious decision to let the other group win and may collect an “IOU” for use in the future

3 patient identifiers

Name
DOB
Medical Record Number

What can lead to errors?

• Poor communication

• Poor clinical judgment

• Lack of patient monitoring

• Errors in medication administering

• Timely intervention