General Principles of Exercise Prescription

These flashcards cover key concepts related to exercise prescription and muscular fitness.

Sarcomere

The smallest contractile unit of muscle made of proteins.

Myofibril

A structure made of many sarcomeres that contributes to muscle contraction.

Fascia

Connective tissue that surrounds muscles, providing stability while being flexible.

Skeletal Muscle

Striated muscle that is voluntary and responsible for movement.

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary muscle that forms internal organs.

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary muscle found in the heart.

Agonists

Muscles that act as primary joint movers during movement.

Antagonists

Muscles that oppose movement and provide balance.

Type I Muscle Fibers

Slow-twitch muscle fibers that are high in oxidative capacity, better for endurance activities.

Type II Muscle Fibers

Fast-twitch muscle fibers that have high glycolytic capacity, better for strength and power activities.

Motor Unit

A motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates.

Size Principle

The recruitment of motor units occurs from smallest to largest based on demand.

Concentric Contraction

Muscle contraction where muscles shorten.

Eccentric Contraction

Muscle contraction where muscles lengthen.

Isometric Action

Muscle action where no movement occurs despite loading.

Muscular Fitness

Includes muscular strength, endurance, and power.

Periodization

Systematic changes in prescribed volume and intensity during different phases of training.

Neuromotor Exercise

Training that involves motor skills, balance, coordination, and proprioception.

Sedentary Behavior

Extended periods of inactivity that negatively affect health.