Unit 7 Review [Plants]

Gymnosperms

• Plants that produce seeds

• Male and Female cone for reproduction

Angiosperms

• Flowering Plants

• Flowers contains male and female parts for repoduction

Roots

Absorb water and nutrients from soil

Root hairs

Found on outside of roots to increase surface area to absorb water and nutrients

Dermal Tissue

• Surface tissue known as epidermis

• To prevent waterloss, nvasion of pests, and for protection

Stems

Transport water & nutrients throughout the plant

Leaves

Captures light for photosynthesis through photoreceptor cells

vascular Tissue

Transport tissue for food and water

* Evolutionary function: To grow tall and wide

Roots: Meristematic \n Tissue

Meristem found at the ends of the root

Roots: Ground Tissue

Root cap: protects \n meristem

Xylem

transports water by transpiration

* evaporation through plant using cohesion & adhesion

Phloem

Transports food

Stems: Meristematic Tissues

• Meristem found at the top of stems

• Vascular cambium: growth between xylem & phloem that \n increases thickness

Stems: Ground Tissue

Shoot support in areas of active & inactive growth

Stems: Vascular Tissues

Xylem & phloem

Leaves: Function

Function: capture light for photosynthesis

Leaves: Dermal Tissue (Cuticle)

Fatty waxy coating on surface for protection & to prevent water loss \n

Leaves: Dermal Tissue (Stomata)

Opening on surface & underside of leaf where gas exchange (CO2 & O2) occurs, and water exits

Leaves: Dermal Tissue (Guard cells)

Control opening and closing of the stomata

Leaves during the night

Closed

Leaves during the day

Open

Leaves when it rains

Open

Leaves when its Dry

Closed

Leaves: Ground Tissue (Mesophyll layer)

Mesophyll layer where photosynthesis & gas exchange takes place

Leaves: Vascular Tissue

Xylem & phloem \n found in spongy \n layer

Anther

Filament

Ovary

Petal

Peduncle

Sepal

Stigma

Style

Flowers: Non-reproductive structures (petals)

Attract pollinators for fertilization

Flowers: Non-reproductive structures (Sepal)

Little leaves that protect ovary

Stamen

Male reproductive organs

Anther

Contains pollen

Filament

Holds the anther

Pollen

Contains sperm

Ovary

Protects ovules; develops into fruit \n after fertilization

Ovule

Contains eggs that develop into seed

Pistil (carpel)

Female reproductive organs

Style

Tube pollen travels to reach ovary

Stigma

Sticky structure that catches pollen

Seeds

Embryo, endosperm (food), & seed coat

Monocot

One cotyledon & parallel veins

* Corn kernel

Dicot

2 cotyledons & network of veins

• Bean