Bio-335 module 9

AAA

abnormal aortic aneurysm

A-fib

atrial fibrillation

anastomosis

creation of an opening between two normally separate structures

aneurysm

bulge in a blood vessel

Angina Pectoris

oppressive pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart

Angiodema

blood vessel tumor

Angiogenesis

development of blood vessels

angiogram

record of the blood vessels

angioplasty

surgical reconstruction of a blood vessel

antianginal

drug that prevents or relieves the symptoms of angina pectoris

antiarrhythmic

drug that opposes an irregular heartbeat

anticoagulant

drug that opposes the coagulation of the blood

antihypertensive

drug that opposes high blood pressure

antilipidemic

promoting a reduction of lipid levels in the blood

aortic aneurysm

bulging or swelling of the aorta

aortic regurgitation

backward flow of blood that occurs when the aortic valve does not close tightly

aortic stenosis

narrowing of the aorta

aortogram

record of the aorta

arrhythmia/dysrhythmia

irregular heartbeat

arteriogram

record of an artery

arteriosclerosis

hardening of an artery

atrial fibrillation

quivering or spontaneous contraction of muscle fibers in the heart's atrium

atrial septal defect (ASD)

flaw in the septum that divides the two atria of the heart

BP

blood pressure

Bradycardia

slow heart beat

CABG

coronary artery bypass graft

CAD

coronary artery disease

cardiac arrest

cessation of functional circulation

cardiac catheterization

process of inserting a tube (catheter) into the heart

cardiomegaly

enlarged heart

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

basic life support

cardiothoracic surgery

surgery that involves cutting through the patient's chest to get to the heart

cardiotonic

drug that increases the strength of the heart contractions

cardiotoxic

poisonous to the heart

cardioversion

returning a heart to normal rhythm

carditits

inflammation of the heart

CHF

congestive heart failure

CO

cardiac output

congenital heart defects

flaw in the structure of the heart present at birth

congestive cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy

heart cavity is unable to pump all the blood out of itself (congestive) and becomes stretched (dilated), which causes weak/slow pumping of blood

congestive heart failure

heart failure characterized by the heart cavity being unable to pump all the blood out of itself

coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

borrowed piece of blood vessel used to bypass a blocked artery in the heart

coronary circulation

circulation of blood from the heart to the heart muscle

coronary thrombosis

obstruction of a coronary artery by a clot

Cyanosis

a bluish appearance to the skin; a sign that the tissue isn't receiving enough oxygen

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

formation of blood clots in deep veins; usually occurs in legs; pieces of clot may break away forming emboli

Diaphoresis

profuse sweating

diastolic pressure

pressure exerted on blood vessels when heart is relaxed

DVT

deep vein thrombosis

ECHO

echocardiogram

EKG

electrocardiogram

electrocardiogram

record of the electrical activity of the heart

embolus/ embolism

blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus

endarterectomy

surgical removal of the inside of an artery

endocardium

tissue inside the heart

epicardium

tissue lining the outside of the heart

hemorrhage

excessive bleeding

HTN

hypertension

Hypertension

high blood pressure

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

heart muscle becomes enlarged and blocks blood flow

hypotension

low blood pressure

inferior vena cava

portion of the vena cava that gathers blood from the lower portion of the body

Ischemia

blockage of blood flow to an organ

MI

myocardial infarction

murmur

abnormal heart sound

myocardial infarction

death of heart muscle tissue

myocardial ischemia

blockage of blood to the heart muscle

myocarditis

inflammation of the heart muscle

Myocardium

heart muscle tissue

occlusion

closing or blockage of a passage

palpitation

subjective experience of pounding, skipping, or racing heartbeats

pericardial effusion

fluid pouring out into the tissue around the heart

pericardiocentesis

puncture of the tissue around the heart

pericaditis

Inflammation of the tissue surrounding the heart

Pericardium

tissue around the heart

phlebitis

inflammation of a vein

Phlebotomist

one who draws blood

phlebotomy

study of veins

PTCA

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

pulmonary circulation

Circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs

restrictive cardiomyopathy

heart muscle hardens, restricting the expansion of the heart, thus limiting the amount of blood it can pump to the rest of the body

sonography

use of sound waves to produce diagnostic images; also called ultrasound

stress electrocardiogram

records electrical signals of the heart while the patient experiences increases of exercise stress

superior vena cava

portion of the vena cava that gathers blood from the upper portion of the body (head and arms)

SV

stroke volume

systemic circulation

circulation of blood from the heart to the rest of the body

systolic pressure

pressure exerted on blood vessels when heart is contracting

Tachycardia

rapid heart rate

TEE

transesophageal echocardiogram

thrombolytic

drug that breaks down blood clots

thrombus

blood clot

transesophageal echocardiogram

record of the heart using sound waves performed by inserting the transducer into the esophagus

varicose veins

an enlarged, dilated vein toward the surface of the skin

varicotomy

surgical removal of a varicose vein

Vasoconstrictor/Vasopressor

drug that constricts or narrows the diameter of a blood vessel

Vasodilators

drug that causes the relaxation or expansion of a blood vessel

vasospasm

involuntary contraction of a blood vessel

Vavulitis

inflammation of a heart valve

vena cava

large-diameter vein that gathers blood from the body and returns it to the heart

venogram

record of a vein