What destroyed the civilisation of Easter Island

Cambridge 11 - Test 2 Passage 2

Civilisation (sɪvəl-aɪˈzeɪʃən)

human development (civ=citizen .i.e, civic, civil) (nền văn minh)

Ancient (ˈeɪnʃənt)

very old (cổ đại)

Remote (rɪˈməʊt)

distant, far-off # central (xa xôi)

Settle (ˈsetl)

set up home, emigrate to (định cư)

Isolated (ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd)

remote (biệt lập, cô lập)

Carve (kɑːv)

to make something by cutting into especially wood or stone, or to cut into the surface of stone, wood, etc. (điêu khắc)

Massive (ˈmæsɪv)

very large, solid, and heavy (to lớn, nặng nề)

Platform (ˈplætfɔːm)

stage (sân khấu, chặng)

Identity (aɪˈdentəti)

who a person is (bản sắc)

Stranded (ˈstrændɪd)

stuck (mắc kẹt)

Extraterrestrial (ekstrətəˈrestriəl)

a creature that people think may exist on another planet (terr=earth.i.e, territoty, terrain) (sinh vật ngoài trái đất)

Archaeological (ɑːkiəˈlɒdʒɪkəl)

belonging to the study of ancient societies (khảo cổ học)

Genetic (dʒəˈnetɪk)

relating to genes or genetics (di truyền học)

Definitively (dɪˈfɪnɪtɪvli)

perfectly (một cách rõ ràng)

Folklore (ˈfəʊklɔː)

myths, legends (truyền thuyết dân gian)

Assume (əˈsjuːm)

presume, to think or accept that something is true without having proof (giả định)

Drag (dræɡ)

pull (kéo)

Rope (rəʊp)

very strong thick string, made by twisting together many thinner strings (dây thừng)

Log (lɒɡ)

a thick piece of wood from a tree (khúc gỗ)

Pollen (ˈpɒlən)

a fine powder produced by flowers (phấn hoa)

Sediment (ˈsedəmənt)

solid substances that settle at the bottom of a liquid (cặn, trầm tích)

Descendant (dɪˈsendənt)

offspring, previous generation (hậu duệ)

Wreck (rek)

ruin, destroy, damage (phá hủy)

Fragile (ˈfrædʒaɪl)

easily broken #strong (dễ vỡ)

Fertilise (ˈfɜːtəlaɪz)

to spread a natural or chemical substance on land or plants, in order to make the plants grow well (bón phân)

Ash (æʃ)

the soft grey powder that remains after something has been burned (tro)

Scarce (skeəs)

rare, insufficient #plentiful, abundant (hiếm, không đủ)

Erosion (ɪˈrəʊʒən)

the fact of soil, stone, etc. being gradually damaged and removed by the waves, rain, or wind (xói mòn)

Descend (dɪˈsend)

fall #ascend(rơi, hạ xuống)

Collapse (kəˈlæps)

breakdown, failure, end (sụp đổ)

Scenario (səˈnɑːriəʊ)

situation (kịch bản, tình huống)

Accelerate (əkˈseləreɪt)

quicken, speed up #slow down (tăng tốc)

Destruction (dɪˈstrʌkʃən)

the act or process of destroying something (phá hủy)

Display (dɪˈspleɪ)

an arrangement of things (trưng bày)

Rival (ˈraɪvəl)

opponent #ally (đối thủ)

Chieftain (ˈtʃiːftɪn)

the leader of a tribe (thủ lĩnh bộ lạc)

Assert (əˈsɜːt)

to make other people recognize your right or authority (khẳng định)

Dominance (ˈdɒmənəns)

superiority, power, authority (ưu thế)

Haul (hɔːl)

drag, pull, tug (kéo mạnh)

Feed (fiːd)

give food to, provide food for (cho ăn)

Topple (ˈtɒpəl)

to take power away from a leader or government, especially by force (lật đổ)

Catastrophe (kəˈtæstrəfi)

disaster (thảm họa)

Infertile (ɪnˈfɜːtaɪl)

unproductive (không màu mỡ)

Windbreak (ˈwɪndbreɪk)

something that gives protection from the wind (bức tường chắn gió)

Moist (mɔɪst)

wet, damp #dry (ẩm ướt)

Pioneer (paɪəˈnɪə)

leader (người tiên phong)

Sustainable (səˈsteɪnəbəl)

able to continue for a long time (bền vững)

Contend (kənˈtend)

argue, claim, assert (đấu tranh)

Upright (ˈʌpraɪt)

straight up (thẳng đứng)

Manoeuvre (məˈnuːvə)

move, turn (di chuyển linh hoạt)

Replica (ˈreplɪkə)

copy, duplicate, reproduction (bản sao)

Tilt (tɪlt)

move, tip (nghiêng)

Convince (kənˈvɪns)

persuade (thuyết phục)

Wholly (ˈhəʊl-li)

completely (hoàn toàn)

Extinct (ɪkˈstɪŋkt)

no longer in existence (tuyệt chủng)

Nut (nʌt)

seed (hạt)

Groove (ɡruːv)

a thin line cut into a hard surface (rãnh)

Overrun (əʊvəˈrʌn)

if a place is overrun by unwanted things or people, they spread over it in great numbers (tràn lan)

Doom (duːm)

ruin, destroy (tàn phá)

Deforestation (diːfɒrəˈsteɪʃən)

the cutting or burning down of all the trees in an area (phá rừng)

Collapse (kəˈlæps)

fall down (sụp đổ)

Stable (ˈsteɪbəl)

fixed, steady #changeable (ổn định)

Immunity (ɪˈmjuːnəti)

resistance, protection (miễn dịch)

Slave (sleɪv)

someone who is owned by another person and works for them for no money (nô lệ)

Decimate (ˈdesɪmeɪt)

destroy, devastate, ruin (tàn phá)

Shrivel (ˈʃrɪvəl)

become smaller, shrink (co lại)

Ingenious (ɪnˈdʒiːniəs)

clever, good at inventing (khéo léo)

Steward (ˈstjuːəd)

manager, keeper, guardian, supervisor (quản lý)

Reckless (ˈrekləs)

careless (bất cẩn)

Abject failure (ˈæbdʒekt ˈfeɪljə)

the state of being extremely poor, unhappy, unsuccessful etc. (thất bại hoàn toàn)