Anatomy of Canine Forelimb Muscles: Insertion Points

Platysma m.

Commingles with fibers of other muscles surrounding lips; skin of cheek

Cutaneus trunci m.

Skin of trunk (Caudal border of deep pectoral and fascia of medial antebrachium)

Superficial pectoral m. (descending)

Crest of greater tubercle (humerus)

Superficial pectoral m. (transverse)

Crest of greater tubercle (humerus)

Deep pectoral m.

Lesser tubercle of humerus; aponeurosis to greater tubercle and crest, fascia in xiphoid cartilage (both lesser and greater tubercule for attachments)

Brachiocephalicus m. - cleidobrachialis

Cranial, distal humerus (craniolateral surface)

Brachiocephalicus m. - cleidocephalicus (pars cervicalis)

Cranial half of mid-dorsal fibrous raphe (neck)

Brachiocephalicus m. - cleidocephalicus (pars mastoidea)

Mastoid process of temporal bone

Omotransversarius m.

Wing (transverse process) of atlas

Sternocephalicus m.

Mastoid part of temporal bone and nuchal crest of occipital bone

Sternohyoid m.

Basihyoid bone

Sternothyroid m.

Caudolateral surface of thyroid cartilage

Trapezius m. (cervical)

Spine of scapula

Trapezius m. (thoracic)

Spine of scapula

Rhomboideus m. (capitis)

Dorsal border of scapula

Rhomboideus m. (cervicis)

Dorsal border of scapula

Rhomboideus m. (thoracis)

Dorsal border of scapula

Latissimus dorsi m.

Teres major tuberosity (via common tendon with teres major)

Serratus ventralis m. (cervicis)

Serrated face of scapula

Serratus ventralis m. (thoracis)

Serrated face of scapula

Deltoideus m. (spinous head)

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Deltoideus m. (acromial head)

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Infraspinatus m.

Lateral side of greater tubercle of humerus

Teres minor m.

Teres minor tuberosity of humerus

Supraspinatus m.

Greater tubercle of humerus (by thick tendon)

Subscapularis m.

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Teres major m.

Teres major tuberosity of humerus

Coracobrachialis m.

Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus (proximal medial humerus)

Tensor fasciae antebrachii m.

Olecranon (tendo antebrachii)

Triceps brachii m. - long head

Olecranon tuber

Triceps brachii m. - lateral head

Olecranon tuber

Triceps brachii m. - medial head

Olecranon tuber

Triceps brachii m. - accessory head

Olecranon tuber

Anconeus m.

Lateral proximal ulna (olecranon)

Biceps brachii m.

Ulnar and radial tuberosities

Brachialis m.

Ulnar and radial tuberosities

Extensor carpi radialis m.

Dorsal bases of MC II & III

Common digital extensor m.

Extensor processes of distal phalanges II-V

Lateral digital extensor m.

Proximal ends of the phalanges of digits III-V (with CDE tendons)

Abductor digiti I longus m.

Proximal end of MC I

Extensor carpi ulnaris (ulnaris lateralis) m.

Lateral aspect of proximal MC V and accessory carpal bone

Supinator m.

Cranial surface of proximal fourth of radius

Pronator teres m.

Medial border of radius (proximal third)

Flexor carpi radialis m.

Palmar bases of MC II & III

Flexor carpi ulnaris m. (ulnar head)

Accessory carpal bone

Flexor carpi ulnaris m. (humeral head)

Accessory carpal bone

Superficial digital flexor m.

Palmar surface of base of middle phalanges II-V

Deep digital flexor m. (humeral head)

Flexor tubercles on palmar surface of distal phalanges I-V

Deep digital flexor m. (ulnar head)

Flexor tubercles on palmar surface of distal phalanges I-V

Deep digital flexor m. (radial head)

Flexor tubercles on palmar surface of distal phalanges I-V

Pronator quadratus m.

Opposed surfaces of radius and ulna

Interossei mm. (II-V)

Proximal sesamoid bones and extensor tendons (via sesamoids)