Unit 10,11,12 ELA

Accrue

(v.) to grow or accumulate over time; to happen as a natural result

synonyms: collect, accumulate, proceed from
antonyms: dwindle, decrease, diminish, lessen

Annotation

(n.) a critical or explanatory note or comment, especially for a literary work

Covert

(adj.) hidden, disguised, purposefully kept secret; sheltered, secluded; (n.) a sheltered place, a hiding place

synonyms: (adj.) undercover, clandestine, sub-rosa
antonyms: (adj.) open, overt, undisguised

1. Debonair

(adj.) pleasant, courteous, lighthearted; smooth and polished in manner and appearance

synonyms: carefree, jaunty, gracious, suave, urbane
antonyms: distraught, agitated, boorish, churlish

Dun

(v.) to demand insistently, especially in payment of a debt; (n.) a creditor; (adj.) dark, dull, drab, dingy

synonyms: (v.) hound, pester, harass, nag

Efficacious

(adj.) effective, producing results

synonyms: effectual, efficient, potent, powerful
antonyms: ineffective, worthless, useless

Fortuitous

(adj.) accidental, occurring by a happy chance

synonyms: unintentional, unplanned, random, lucky
antonyms: intentional, deliberate, premeditated

1. Gratuitous

(adj.) freely given; not called for by circumstances, unwarranted

synonyms: voluntary, unjustified, uncalled-for
antonyms: justified, warranted

Motley

(adj.) showing great variety, composed of different elements or many colors; (n.) a jester's costume; a jester

synonyms: (adj.) variegated, heterogeneous, diverse; (n.) fool
antonyms: (adj.) uniform, homogenous, monochromatic

Procrastinate

(v.) to delay, put off until later

synonyms: stall, temporize, dillydally

Provocative

(adj.) tending to produce a strong feeling or response; arousing desire or appetite; irritating, annoying

synonyms: stimulating, arousing, vexing, galling
antonyms: dull, insipid, bland, unstimulating

 Sedentary

(adj.) characterized by or calling for continued sitting; remaining in one place

synonyms: seated, stationary, static
antonyms: active, peripatetic, migratory

Contingent

(adj.) likely but not certain to happen, possible (n.) a representative group forming part of a larger body
S-conditional, dependent, a detachment
A-independent of, unconnected with, certain

1. Corroborate 

(v.) to confirm, make more cetain, bolster, stubstantiate, verify
S-refute, contradict, undermine, discredit

Denizen

(n.) an inhabitant, resident; one who frequents a place
S-resident, dweller, habitué
A-alien, outsider, stranger, foreigner

1. Dowdy

(adj.) poorly dressed, shabby; lacking smartness and good taste
S-frumpy, tacky, frowsy, drab
A-chic, stylish, elegant, fashionable

Florid

(adj.) highly colored, reddish; excessively ornate, showy
S-flushed, ruddy, flowery, frilly, flamboyant
A-pale, ashen, pallid, sallow, austere, stark

1. Heresy

(n.) an opinion different from accepted belief; the denial of an idea that is generally held sacred
S-unorthodox belief, heterodoxy
A-orthodoxy

Palpable

(adj.) capable of being touched or felt; easily seen, heard, or recognized
S-tangible, plain, obvious, manifest
A-intangible, insubstantial, incorporeal

1. Perceptive 

(adj.) having sympathetic insight or understanding, capable of keen appreciation
S-insightful, discerning, observant
A-dense, thick, obtuse, dim-witted

Pernicious

(adj.) extremely harmful; deadly, fatal
S-injurious, deleterious, baleful, noxious
A-harmless, innocuous, salutary, salubrious

Sear

(v.) to make or become dry and withered; to parch, dessicate, singe

Absolve

(v.) to clear from blame, responsibility, or guilt

synonyms: acquit, exonerate, vindicate, excuse, pardon
antonyms: condemn, convict, incriminate, inculp

Clangor

(n.) a loud ringing sound; (v.) to make a loud ringing noise

synonyms: (n.) din, clamor, uproar
antonyms: (n.) silence, stillness, peace and quiet

Contiguous

(adj.) side by side, touching; near; adjacent in time

synonyms: adjoining, abutting, next door to
antonyms: detached, apart, distant, remote

Enthrall

(v.) to captivate, charm, hold spellbound; to enslave; to imprison

synonyms: fascinate, enchant, attract, bewitch
antonyms: bore to tears, repel, put someone off

Extenuate

(v.) to lessen the seriousness or magnitude of an offense by making partial excuses

synonyms: moderate, mitigate, diminish, downplay
antonyms: intensify, aggravate, worsen, exacerbate

Implicit

(adj.) implied or understood though unexpressed; without doubts or reservations, unquestioning; potentially contained in

synonyms: inferred, tacit, unspoken, unconditional
antonyms: explicit, expressed, stated, revealed

Incisive

(adj.) sharp, keen, penetrating (with a suggestion of decisiveness and effectiveness)

synonyms: acute, cutting, perceptive, trenchant

Ostentatious

(adj.) marked by conspicuous or pretentious display, showy

synonyms: flashy, overdone, affected, flamboyant
antonyms: modest, plain, simple, demure, retiring