Liquids and Intermolecular Forces

A collection of vocabulary flashcards summarizing key concepts related to liquids and intermolecular forces.

Intermolecular Forces

The attractions between molecules that are weaker than intramolecular forces.

Kinetic-Molecular Theory

A theory that states there is no attraction between gas molecules, and that their behavior is determined by their kinetic energy.

Condensed Phases

States of matter (liquids and solids) in which particles are closely packed together.

Boiling Point

The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals atmospheric pressure.

Dipole-Dipole Interactions

Forces that occur between polar molecules, where the positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another.

Hydrogen Bonding

A strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when H is bonded to N, O, or F.

London Dispersion Forces

Weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary dipoles in molecules.

Surface Tension

The energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid due to the cohesive forces between molecules.

Phase Change

The transformation of matter from one state (solid, liquid, gas) to another.

Critical Temperature

The highest temperature at which a liquid can exist.

Vapor Pressure

The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid at a given temperature.