ethics (copy)

identification type

Ethics

the study of what is morally right and wrong, or good and bad

Ethos

ancient greek word referred to the moral character or guiding beliefs of a person or group, which laid the foundation for the study of what is right and wrong

Ethics

is needed as a compass for our moral direction so as to relieve ourselves of aimlessness. “A life without a set of moral beliefs and guidelines is a life of futility.”

Character or Personality

individual moral or ethical qualities, inner qualities

Customs or Habits

define the group’s identity & ways of life, can change easily

Disposition or Nature

inherent nature, inborn or instinctive

Ethical Appeal in Persuasion

persuading an audience by establishing the speaker credibility, authority & trustworthiness

Ethos

one of the three key modes of persuasion, alongside Logos (logic) and Pathos (emotion)

Dilemma

A situation where a person has to choose between two or more difficult options, but not all of them necessarily involve moral or ethical issues.

Moral Dilemma

A special kind of dilemma that involves a choice between two or more actions, where each option involves a moral principle, but you cannot satisfy both at the same time.

Ethics

the branch of philosophy that deals with moral principles, values, and concepts of right and wrong behavior.

Personal Development

Professional Ethics

Social Impact

Critical Thinking

Cultural Understanding

Importance of Ethics

morality

refer to the standards that a person or a group has about what is right and wrong, or good and evil.

Moral Standard

those concerned with or relating to human behavior, especially the distinction between good and bad (or right and wrong) behavior.

Moral Standards

involve the rules people have about the kinds of actions they believe are morally right and wrong, as well as the values they place on the kinds of objects they believe are morally good and morally bad.

Non Moral Standards

refer to rules that are unrelated to moral or ethical considerations. Either these standards are not necessarily linked to morality or by nature lack ethical sense.

etiquette

fashion standards

rules in games

various house rules

examples of non-moral standards

Universality

Moral standards apply to everyone, not just to a specific person or group.

Obligatory Nature

We are expected to follow moral standards; they are not optional.

Prescriptivity

Moral standards tell us what we should or should not do.

Impartiality

Moral standards apply fairly to everyone, without favoritism.

Reasonableness

Moral standards are based on good reasons, not on feelings or opinions alone.

Consequential Nature

Our actions have effects, and moral standards consider those consequences.

CLASSICAL

where you must choose between two hard or unpleasant options.

ETHICAL

where you struggle to decide what is right or wrong based on ethics or values.

MORAL

where two moral rules or values clash, and following one means breaking the other.

LEGAL

where the law is unclear, unfair, or conflicts with what feels morally right.

PERSONAL

A tough choice that affects your own life or feelings.

PROFESSIONAL

tough choice you face at work or in your profession.

SOCIAL

where what is best for you may hurt society, or vice versa.

Trolley Problem

Fat - man Problem

Lifeboat Ethics

Prisoner Dilemmas

The Doctrine of Double Effect

COMMON TYPES OF CLASSICAL DILEMMAS

Truth vs. Loyalty

Individual vs. Community

Short-Term vs. Long-Term

Justice vs. Mercy

Self vs. Others

Honesty vs. Fairness

Utility vs. Rights

COMMON TYPES OF ETHICAL/MORAL DILEMMAS

Conflicts of Interest

Whistleblowing

Client Confidentiality

Professional Competence

Allocation of Resources

Compliance with Laws and Regulations

COMMON TYPES OF LEGAL/PROFESSIONAL DILEMMAS

Micro or Personal Level Dilemma
Meso or Organizational Level Dilemma

Macro or Structural Level Dilemma

3 LEVELS OF MORAL DILEMMA

Micro or Personal level Dilemmas

These dilemmas involve conflicts between personal values, beliefs, or duties in specific, individual situations. They often focus on the immediate consequences of actions and the impact on individuals or small groups.

Meso or Organizational level Dilemmas

These dilemmas involve conflicts between social norms, cultural values, or institutional policies. They often occur within organizations, communities, or societies and involve balancing the needs of different groups or stakeholders.

Macro or Structural level Dilemmas

These dilemmas involve conflicts between fundamental moral principles or values that affect entire societies or global communities. They often raise questions about justice, equality, and human rights on a large scale.

White Lies

A lie to avoid hurting someone feelings

Gray Lies

A lie to help others and protect oneself

Black Lies

A lie to get oneself out of trouble or gain something desired

Red Lies

A lie to take revenge from someone/cause harm to someone

Freedom

the power or right to act, speak or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint

Freedom of Restriction

measure or condition that keeps someone or something under control or within limits

Free Will

the idea that we are able to have some choice on how we act and assumes that we are free to choose our behavior

Human Acts

Acts done intentionally

Acts of Human

Natural Involuntary Actions

Immanuel Kant

According to —- we make sense of more appraisal and responsibility only by thinking about human freedom

Immanuel Kant

Reason and obligation, not feelings or outcomes, should be the foundation of morality.

Categorical Imperative

states that you should behave in a way that you would like everyone to do.

Moral Duty Over Consequences

You should do what is right because it is your duty, not because it benefits you.

Respect for Persons (Human Dignity)

Treat others as ends in themselves, not as tools for your own gain.

Gabriel Marcel

Freedom is a gift

Gabriel Marcel

Gabriel Marcel

He believed that ethics is deeply connected to being truly human, not just following rules.

Gabriel Marcel

He taught that ethics isn’t just about right and wrong actions—it's about

how we live with others in honesty, love, and faith. Being truly human means caring deeply and being present for others that it is given to us by God.

Fidelity and Commitment

Ethics means being faithful to relationships and promises, not just following rules.

Aristotle

freedom and reason are complementary, with practical rationality being essential for moral pursuit.

Self-direction

crucial for a free person, guiding conscious understanding of events.

Virtue Ethics

Ethics is not just about following rules but about developing virtues (good character traits) like courage, honesty, and kindness.

The Golden Mean

Virtue lies between two extremes—too much and too little of something.

Eudaimonia (Human Flourishing or Happiness)

a deep kind of happiness or fulfillment that comes from living a virtuous life.

Jean-Paul Sartre

emphasizes freedom as the essence of human existence, allowing individuals to create their own values and meaning in life, closely linked to consciousness. That freedom is unconditional and unrestricted, enabling individuals to act or choose without any limitations or constraints.

Jean-Paul Sartre

For him, existence comes before essence, meaning we are not born with a fixed purpose—we must create our own meaning through choices. It teaches that we are free to choose who we become—and we are morally responsible for those choices.

Jean-Paul Sartre

Living ethically means being authentic, accepting your freedom, and acting in line with your own values.

Lao Tzu

Those who gain control over others have force. Those who gain control over themselves have real strength

Lao Tzu

with freedom comes the need to act responsibly. When we are free to make choices, we are also responsible for the consequences of those choices.

Ludovico Technique

the controversial behavioral treatment used to "cure" Alex of his violent tendencies

Beethoven's Ninth Symphony

What piece of classical music is closely associated with Alex and used during his conditioning?

Nadsat

What is the slang language used by Alex and his gang?

The Droogs

What is the name of Alex’s gang of delinquents?

Free Will

What specific human right or concept is stripped from Alex during the Ludovico Technique?

The Prison Chaplain

Identify the character who argues that depriving Alex of choice makes him less than human.

A clockwork Orange

Identify the phrase used in the film to describe a person who is good only because they are conditioned, not because they choose to be.

Staja 84F (the state prison)

Identify the setting where Alex is imprisoned before undergoing behavioral treatment.

Korova Milkbar

What is the name of the bar where Alex and his gang hang out at the beginning of the film?

Conflict of Interest

A situation in which a person or organization has multiple interests, financial or otherwise, that could potentially compromise their professional judgment or obligations.

Whistleblowing

A situation in which an employee discovers illegal or unethical behavior within their organization and must decide whether to report it, potentially risking their job or career.

Client Confidentiality

A situation in which a professional, such as a lawyer or therapist, must decide whether to disclose confidential information to authorities or others, balancing the duty to protect confidentiality with the duty to protect others from harm.

Professional Competence

A situation in which a professional is asked to perform tasks or provide services outside their area of expertise, requiring them to decide whether to proceed and potentially risk providing substandard service.

Allocation of Resources

A situation in which a professional must decide how to allocate limited resources, such as time, money, or staff, among competing needs or priorities.

Compliance with Law and Regulations

A situation in which a professional must decide whether to comply with a law or regulation that conflicts with their ethical principles or professional standards.

Moral and Ethical Decision-Making

Dilemmas often involve moral or ethical considerations, highlighting the importance of values and principles in decision-making.

Critical Thinking

Dilemmas require individuals to think critically about the consequences of their actions and consider different perspectives, fostering intellectual growth.

Personal Growth

Facing dilemmas can lead to personal growth and development, as individuals learn to navigate complex situations and make tough decisions.

Conflict Resolution

Understanding dilemmas can help in resolving conflicts by recognizing and addressing underlying issues and conflicting interests.

Professional Ethics

Dilemmas are common in many professions, such as medicine, law, and business, where professionals must navigate complex ethical issues.

Social Justice

Dilemmas often involve questions of social justice and fairness, highlighting the need to consider the impact of decisions on different groups in society.

14 years

How many years was Alex sentenced to prison?

2 years

How many years did Alex serve in prison before being selected for the Ludovico Technique?

2 weeks

How long did the Ludovico Technique treatment last?

Dim
Pete
Georgie
Alex

Names of the Droogs

Character or Personality

refers to the moral character, credibility, or trustworthiness of an individual or group. It involves the perception of the speaker or writer as honest, knowledgeable, and reliable.

Customs or habits

refer to customs, habits, or values that characterize a community or culture. It reflects the shared beliefs and practices that define a group's identity and way of life

Disposition or Nature

describe the inherent nature or disposition of a person, object, or concept/one’s inner nature. It implies a fundamental quality or essence that defines its identity or function.

Ethical Appeal in Persuasion

an appeal to ethics or credibility. It involves persuading an audience by establishing the speaker's and credibility, trustworthiness. authority,