Untitled Flashcards Set

Cell Division

The biological process that results in two daughter cells from a single parent cell.

Interphase

The stage of cell division where chromosomes are copied and change to sister chromatids.

Prophase

The phase in cell division when chromosomes become visible as paired sister chromatids.

Metaphase

The phase of cell division when chromosomes are paired to the spindle fibers.

Anaphase

The phase in cell division when sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.

Telophase

The stage when chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed.

Cytokinesis

The process when cells divide at the end of mitosis or meiosis, separating into two sister cells.

Mitosis

The process of cell division in which cells replicate identically by dividing the cell nucleus.

Biogenesis

The concept that all cells arise from preexisting cells.

Meiosis

The process that produces sex/reproductive cells for reproduction.

Gametes

Sex cells produced for reproduction.

Somatic Cells

All body cells that are not involved in reproduction.

Centromere

The structure that holds two sister chromatids together.

DNA

A double-stranded nucleic acid that stores and transmits genetic information.

RNA

A single-stranded nucleic acid involved in protein synthesis and gene expression.

Transcription

The process of making RNA using DNA as a template.

Translation

The process of converting RNA into proteins.

Codon

A sequence of three bases in mRNA that codes for an amino acid.

Anti-Codon

A sequence of three bases in tRNA that is complementary to a codon in mRNA.

AUG

The start codon of translation.

mRNA

Messenger RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes.

tRNA

Transfer RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.

rRNA

transfers the info