MIL 12: Media and Information Languages

Codes

- A system or collection of signs that create meaning when put together

Genre

- Categories/forms marked by features and conventions

Purpose

- The intention of the genre bearing its message to the receiver

Meaning

- How the receiver interprets the message being conveyed from a media platform

Technical Codes

- These involve how a media message is made using tools and equipment

- To shape how we experience and understand the message

Ex: Camera angles, lighting, editing

Symbolic Codes

- Deeper meanings behind what we see, hear, or read

- To add layers of meaning to the message

Ex: Colors, Body language, Objects

Written Codes

- These are the words and text we see in media

- To directly communicate ideas or reinforce the visual and symbolic elements

Ex: Headings in News, Slogans, Dialogue in movies

- Social Codes

- Textual/Representative Codes

Chandler's Typology of Genre Codes

a. Verbal Language

b. Bodily Codes

c. Commodity Codes

d. Behavioral Codes

Social Codes

a. Scientific Codes

b. Aesthetic Codes

c. Genre/Rhetorical and Stylistic Codes

d. Mass Media Codes

e. Perceptual Codes

f. Ideological Codes

Textual/Representative Codes

Intellectual Property

- IP

- Creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic work, designs, symbols, names, and images used in commerce

- Helps protect the rights of creators and ensures they can control how their work is used and distributed

1. Copyright

2. Patent

3. Trademark

4. Industrial Design

5. Geographical Indication & Appellation of Origin

Types of Intellectual Property

Copyright

- Legal term used to describe the rights that creators have over their work

- Creative work: books, paintings, ads, sculptures

Patent

- Provides the owner the right to decide how their invention can be used for a period of time

- Exclusive right granted for an inventor

Trademark

- A sign capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one enterprise from those of other enterprise

- Ancient craftsmen would put a signature/mark on their products

Industrial Design

- Constitutes the original/aesthetic aspect of an object

- Design of an object(shape/surface, patterns, lines, or colors)

Geographical Indication

- From a place and is famous because of it

- Quality is linked to location

Appellation of Origin

- Product is fully made in that place, with its natural and cultural factor

- Stronger connection to origin

Moral Rights

- Right to non-economic interests of author

Economic Rights

- Proper financial compensation upon permission

Intellectual Property Code of 1997 (RA 8293)

- Copyright and related rights, trademarks and service marks, geographical indications, patents, layout design, and protection of undisclosed information

- Work not protected: works of the government

Fair Use

- Guarantee a breathing space for new expression within the confines of copyright law:

If used for criticism/commentary, parody, news report, scholarly/research works, open source information

Netiquette

- Refers to observing proper etiquette as you engage in activities over the internet

- Rules of engagement on platforms like emails, social media, and forums

Cyberbullying

- Worst kind of flaming activities because everyone can be victimized from violent and offensive discourse

Internet Addiction

- or IAD

- Interferes with certain mechanisms that keep other issues at bay

- Cyber-relationship addiction, net compulsions, cybersex addiction, information overload, computer addiction

Plagiarism

- Taking over ideas, methods, or written words of another without proper acknowledgement

1. Truth telling

2. Justice

3. Freedom

4. Humaneness

5. Stewardship

Basic Human Values (Teodoro & De Jesus, 2007)

Truth-telling

- Demands factual and contextual accuracy

Justice

- Fairness in the presentation of all sides of a given issue

Freedom

- Not limited to the absence of government control or regulation

Humaneness

- Helping the victims online

Stewardship

- Journalists become responsible stewards of media

Real World

- Relationships, face to face interactions

- Practical and actual human experience

Media World

- Being digital native

- World wide web as the forefront

Economy

- Wide reach of business (globalization)

- Facilitates online transactions, benefitting businesses

- Offer diverse channels for advertising

Education

- Vast resources for learning, making it more accessible and flexible

- Distance learning made possible

- Facilitated cross-cultural exchanges and collaborative learning

Society

- Allows individuals to connect our shared interests and support networks

- Mobilize public opinion and action on causes such as human rights and environmental protection

Political

- Serves as a watchdog, exposing corruption and holding public officials accountable

- Influences public opinion, affecting electoral outcomes and policy decisions

Misinformation

- Information that is spread without malicious intent

- The person sharing info may believe it to be true even though it is incorrect

Malinformation

- Information that is technically true but is used in a misleading or harmful way

Disinformation

- False information deliberately created and disseminated to deceive others to manipulate, mislead, or influence opinions or behaviors

Cyber Prevention Act of 2012 (RA10175)

- Is the primary law dealing with various forms of cybercrime

- Computer related offenses, illegal access to computer systems, computer related fraud, content related offenses, copyright infringement and online privacy

Massive Open Online Content (MOOC)

- Refers to a large amount of educational material available online for free or at a low cost

- Videos, articles, and interactive tools designed to be accessible to anyone with an internet connection

- To provide learning resources to a broad audience, regardless of the location or background

Wearable Technology

- Refers to electronic devices that you can wear

- These devices are used to collect, process, and display information directly on your body

3D Environment

- Computer-generated space that appears 3D, allowing users to interact with and explore as if it were a real world space

- Video games, VR, Simulations

Ubiquitous Learning

- Refers to learning that happens anytime and anywhere using various technology, not limited to specific courses or platforms

- Utilizes a broad spectrum of technologies, including smartphones, tablets, wearable devices and the internet