AP Psychology Unit 11-Testing and Individual Differences, NHS Mr. Grimes

Terms for Mr. Grimes at NHS Unit 11 Testing and Individual DIfferences

Intelligence 626

The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

General Influence 626

Known as the g factor, it’s a broad mental capacity that allows people to learn, solve problems, and understand the world around them.

Factor Analysis 626

A statistical way for identifying clusters of items that tend to be answered the same way.

Savant Syndrome 627

People who have lots of intelligence but score low on iq tests and have limited/no language ability.

Grit 629

A person’s ability to preserve and stay passionate about achieving a long-term goal.

Emotional Intelligence 629

Consists of four abilities - perceiving emotions, understanding emotions, managing emotions, and using emotions.

Intelligence Test 632

This term assesses people’s mental aptitude and compares them with those of others, using numerical scores.

Achievement Test 632

This term tends to reflect what you have learned. This may include ACT tests, school exams/quizzes, etc.

Aptitude Tests 632

This term tends to predict your ability to learn a new skill.

Mental Age 633

The level of performance typically associated with a certain chronological age.

Stanford-Binet Test 634

A test that measures cognitive abilities and intelligence of people above the age of 2. It was adapted from Albert Binet’s test for mental age. It still exists to this day.

Intelligence Quotient 634

A person’s mental age divided by their chronological age and multiplied by 100. This term was coined by German psychologist William Stern. KEEP IN MIND THIS FORMULA MOSTLY WORKS FOR CHILDREN, BUT NOT SO MUCH FOR ADULTS!!

WAIS - Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 635

This is a widely used test developed by David Weschler that is targeted at measuring the IQ of adults. This does not calculate IQ using the mental age, instead it compares you to people around your age. It can be helpful in finding learning disabilities in certain subjects.

Standardization 635

When setting a test’s scale for individuals to be compared to, researches use a representative group to set a standard. When a person takes the test, they will be compared to this standard.

Normal Curve 635

A bell-shaped distribution of data, where most scores cluster around the mean. The highest point is always the mean.

Reliability 636

The ability for a test to give consistent scores, no matter who takes it or when.

Validity 636

The extent to which the test actually measures or predicts what it promises.

Content Validity 637

How well a tests is able to test your mastery of what you have already learned.

Predictive Validity 637

How well a test is able to predict the outcome of something,

Crystallized Intelligence 640

Accumulated knowledge as reflected in vocabulary and analogy tests.

Fluid Intelligence 640

A person’s ability to reason speedily and abstractly, as when solving novel logic problems.

Intellectual Disability (ID) 644

A developmental condition that is apparent before age 18, sometimes with a known physical cause.

Down Syndrome 644

A disorder of varying intellectual and physical severity caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 in the person’s genetic makeup.

Heritability 647

Extent to which intelligence scores vary due to the genetics.

Stereotype Threat 657

When reminded of their gender/race/ethnicity, especially when it is a minority and expected to do bad, people will do bad on the test that they are about to take.