Orofacial Anatomy Exam 1

Medial

Medial

Toward midline

Lateral

Away from midline

Superficial

Toward surface

Deep

Away from surface

Quadrant 1

Right maxillary

Quadrant 2

Left maxillary

Quadrant 3

Left mandibular

Quadrant 4

Right mandibular

Infraorbital

Under eye

Zygomatic

Bony support of cheek

Frontal

Forehead, supraorbital ridge, and galbella

Nasal

Apex, root, naris, septum, and ala

Oral

Lips and oral cavity

Mental

Chin and mandibular symphysis

Vestibule

Space between cheeks and teeth/ lips

Oral cavity proper

Teeth, tonsils, palatine tonsils

Oral cavity

Lips and cheeks to palatine tonsils

Oral pharynx

Shared by digestive and respiratory; palatine tonsils to back wall of throat

Laryngeal pharynx

Base of tongue to opening of larynx

Lips

Junction of skin and oral cavity

Vermilion zone

Red area of lips

Vermilion border

Where lips meet skin

Philtrum

Cupid’s bow

Labial commissure

Corners of mouth

Tubercle of upper lip

Bottom of philtrum

Nasiolabial sulcus

Smile lines

Mental protuberance

Chin

Labomental groove

Below lip and above chin

Fordyce granules

ectopic/ misplaced sebaceous glands; bumps on labial mucosa or buccal mucosa

Mucobuccal fold

Where cheek and alveolar mucosa meet

Alveolar mucosa

Mucobuccal fold to gingiva; movable, thin, red

Labial frenum

Connective tissue, fold

Exostoses

Normal extra bone on the facial of mandible or maxilla

Retromolar pad

Pad of tissue behind last molar

Diastema

Large space from large/ strong frenum

Parotid papilla

Opposite maxillary 2nd molar; opening for parotid gland

Maxilla

2 bones sutured, non-movable

Maxillary tuberosity

Behind maxillary 3rd molars

Mandible

One bone, movable

Hard palate

Anterior 2/3 of oral cavity proper

Rugae

Ridges on roof of mouth

Median palatine raphe

Midline elevation covers maxilla suture

Greater palatine foramen

Lingual to 1st or 2nd molars

Incisive papilla

Tissue in between and lingual to maxillary central incisors

Fovea palatine

2 holes on posterior part of hard palate

Torus palatinus

Excess bone on hard palate

Palatoglossal

Anterior pillar

Palatopharyngeal

Posterior pillar

Fauces

Space between pillars

Soft palate

Posterior 1/3 of oral cavity proper

Pterygomandibular fold/ raphe

Behind maxillary tuberosity, separates soft palate from cheek, key injection site

Base of tongue

Posterior 1/3 of tongue; outside of oral cavity in throat

Body of tongue

Anterior 2/3 of tongue; common space for oral cancer

Dorsal surface

Top of tongue

Lateral surface

Side of tongue

Ventral surface

Bottom of tongue

Median lingual sulcus

Line on dorsum of tongue

Sulcus terminalis

Separates base from body of the tongue (creates “v”)

Foramen cecum

Bumps behind the sulcus terminalis

Lingual frenum

Line underneath tongue when you hold it in the air

Sublingual fold

Fold underneath tongue; perpendicular to lingual frenum

Sublingual caruncle

Where sublingual salivary glands excrete

Plica fimbriata

Finger-like projections on ventral surface

Mandibular tori

Excess bone on lingual side of mandible

Enamel

Hardest calcified tissue in body, makes up crown, avascular, 96% inorganic

Cementum

Attaches teeth to bone, makes up root, hard tissue, 50% inorganic

Anatomic crown

Whole crown covered in enamel

Clinical crown

What is visible; the part of the tooth above the gingiva

Anatomic root

Portion covered in cementum

Clinical root

Un-erupted portion of tooth, not visible

Dental pulp

Innermost soft tissue, non-calcified

Dentin

Bulk of tooth, surrounds pulp, hard calcified tissue, 70% inorganic

Secondary dentin

Formed in pulp chambers and canals after eruption

Reparative dentin

Response to trauma/ caries

Apical foramen

Where nerves and blood supply to tooth enterL

Line junctions

Junction of 2 crown surfaces

Point angles

Junction of 3 crown surfaces

Heterodont

Teeth of different types

Homodont

Teeth of same type

Diphyodont

Successive sets of teeth

Monophyodont

One set of teeth

Polyphyodont

Multiple sets of teeth

Incisors

Cut

Canines

Hold/ grasp

Premolars

Hold/grind

Molars

Chew/ grind

Primary/ deciduous dentition

20 teeth; no premolars (6 months-6 years)

Permanent/ secondary dentition

32 teeth (last primary tooth exfoliates)

Mixed dentition

Mix of permanent and primary teeth (6 years-12 years)

Succedaneous teeth

Replace primary teeth

Proximal contact areas

Where proximal surfaces of teeth touch one another(mesial or distal)

Contact area

Flattened portion of the tooth where it touches the tooth next to it in the same dental arch

Anterior facial contact area

Incisal one third

Posterior buccal contact area

Middle one third

Anterior incisal contact area

Centered between facial and lingual

Posterior occlusal contact area

Slightly buccal to the center of the tooth

Contact point

Where the occlusal cusp of one tooth touches the occlusal portion of another tooth in the opposing arch

Interproximal spaces

Triangular-shaped spaces between teeth formed by bone on one side and the proximal surfaces and their contact area on the other side; filled with interdental gingiva

Cervical embrasure

Occurs when there is gingival recession between teeth, and the interdental papilla and bone no longer fill the entire inter proximal space

Embrasures

The spaces between teeth that are occlusal to the contact areas