OBHR 4354 (Orgz Change) McGrawHIll CH 1-6 Quizzes

OBHR 4335 (Train) McGrawHIll CH 6 Quiz
Get a hint

They expose the nature and significance of the causal factors acting on events.

Stories that not only describe change but also provide an explanation of the results of change initiatives are called _____.

Process narratives

Stories are considered process theories because _____.

They can uncover the mechanisms behind a sequence of events

Which of the following major problems did Starbucks face when Roz Brewer joined the business as chief operating officer in 2017?

Sales had stalled after five years of exceptional growth.

Which of the following is one of the steps taken by Eddie Lampert in response to the problems faced by Sears Holdings Corporation?

He implemented a decentralized organizational structure.

Which of the following is a characteristic of organizational change?

From a management perspective, it is seen as problematic

The varied settings property of the literature on organizational change management means _____.

Evidence and examples come from a range of organizational types and contexts, using different methodologies

Which of the following statements is true of organizational change?

Shallower changes can facilitate and complement the deeper initiatives.

Unlike Starbucks' founder Howard Schultz, its chief operation officer Roz Brewer's management style focused on _____.

Evidence, data, and the numbers

Which of the following statements is true of active learning?

It refers to implementing changes.

In the context of assessing the depth of change, which of the following is an example of "not on the scale" changes?

Minor problems

In the context of assessing the depth of change, which of the following changes falls at the top of the scale?

Disruptive innovation

In the context of assessing the depth of change, _____ involves radically new business models and working methods.

Disruptive innovation

True or false, accounts of how other organizations have handled change can be a rich source of ideas that can be adapted creatively to address similar problems in other settings.

True

True or false, it is best to use shallow changes to address strategic challenges.

False

According to John Kotter, which of the following statements is true of change in organizations?

Organizations need more change leadership.

The external forces that can push change in unplanned directions include all of the following except

Long-established working practices that are difficult to dislodge.

In the _______ image, control is at the heart of management action, although a variety of external factors mean that, although change managers may achieve some intended change outcomes, they may have little control over other results.

Navigator

In the _______ image, the assumption is that change managers can intentionally shape an organization's capabilities in particular ways.

Coach

The image of change manager as ______ assumes that even small changes can have a large impact on organizations and that managers may be unable to control the outcomes of these changes.

Nurturer

_______ argue that organizational changes unfold over time in a messy and iterative manner, and thus rely on the image of change manager as navigator.

Processual theories

Which of the following theories does not reinforce the caretaker image of managers of change?

Chaos theory

According to DiMaggio and Powell, which of the following is not one of the pressures associated with the similarities in the actions of organizations that result from the interconnectedness of organizations that operate in the same sector or environment?

Ethical pressure

According to DiMaggio and Powell, government-mandated changes are an example of _____ pressure.

Coercive

By stressing the importance of values such as humanism, democracy, and individual development, organization development (OD) theory reinforces the image of a change manager as _____.

Coach

True or false, the image of management as a controlling function has deep historical roots, based on the work of Henri Fayol and his contemporaries who described what managers do, captured by the acronym POSDCoRB.

True

True or false, according to the life-cycle theory, maturity is the final stage of the natural development cycle of an organization.

False

True or false, population ecology theory draws on biology and neo-Darwinism.

True

True or false, in general, the implication of population ecology theory is that managers have little sway over change where whole populations of organizations are affected by external forces.

True

True or false, the caretaker and nurturer images are more frequently discussed in relation to change management and are more widely accepted in domains of organization theory where there is more practice orientation.

False

According to Kanter, which of the following is an advantage that "new broom" top executives have over their predecessors?

They create energy for change within an organization.

According to Kanter, which of the following is an advantage that "new broom" top executives have over their predecessors?

They can confront the organization's unresolved, long-running problems.

In the context of climate change as an environmental pressure for organizational change, identify an example of the transition type of business risk.

An automobile plant being abandoned due to updated pollution regulations

According to population statistics, by 2035, _____ of the world's population will be over 65 years of age.

13%

According to a study of 3,000 workers in 93 companies in Germany, which of the following is true of older employees?

They were less resistant to organizational change than their younger colleagues.

According to Frey and Osborne, which of the following professions has the least automation potential?

Surgeons

According to Frey et al., the skill of design mindset, or _____ will continue to be important and in demand in spite of increasing work computerization.

The ability to develop tasks and processes to achieve desired results

Which of the following is a feature of change with a defensive and preventive agenda?

Avoidance of past mistakes

Which of the following is true when a manager is influenced by the Director image of managing change?

Change is a result of strategic pressure, correcting an internal problem to improve efficiencies, or entering new markets.

How are the pressures for change understood when the image of change is that of a Coach?

Change pressures are continuous and developmental and help to shape the organization's capabilities to respond to change and to improve performance.

True or false, organizational change can occur as a simple response to the latest management fad or fashion.

True

True or false, evidence suggests that about 70% of planned change programs fail to meet their objectives.

True

True or false, organizational politics is mostly played in the management boardroom, and almost always results in loss of profit and reputation.

False

True or false, as compared to external drivers of organizational change that arise from trends and developments in the wider environment, internal drivers are far more powerful.

False

True or false, according to Edmondson, for effective post-incident change, those who report failures—the "messengers"—should be penalized, rather than praised.

False

According to Weisbord's six-box organizational model, the question "Have we adequate coordinating technologies?" is associated with ______.

Helpful mechanisms

According to the 7-S framework, _______ refer to an organization's vision.

Superordinate goals

According to the 7-S framework, _______ refers to patterns of management actions, how managers spend their time, what they pay attention to, the signals that they send about priorities, and attitude to change.

Style

According to the four-frame model, the _____ frame relates to how an organization builds a culture that gives purpose and meaning to work and builds team cohesion.

Symbolic

The technique in which people are asked to describe their organization and how it works using an image or a simile is known as _____.

Metaphorical diagnostics

According to the PESTLE framework, which of the following factors is concerned with demographic trends?

Social

Which of the following is NOT one of the questions asked when performing gap analysis?

How did we get here?

What does the "S" stand for in the PESTLE framework?

Social

According to Johnson, which of the following is NOT an element of the cultural web?

Attitude

According to the cultural web, which of the following concerns the most influential management groups in an organization?

Power structures

Which of the following change diagnostics was developed by Kurt Lewin and involves identifying the forces that are respectively driving and restraining movement toward a given set of outcomes, called the "target situation"?

Force-field analysis

According to Rafferty et al., which of the following is an example of an internal context enabler that influences individual change readiness?

Change participation and communication processes

True or false, diagnosis with regard to organizational change is going to happen whether or not explicit diagnostic tools are used.

True

True or false, strategy is often considered to be at the heart of change.

True

_______ are those that are implemented in anticipation of, or in response to, known trends and developments.

Planned changes

_______ are those that just happen, or have to happen, in response to unforeseen events, such as the sudden opening of new market opportunities, or accidents and failures.

Emergent changes

_____ involves a specific initiative that solves a problem, and/or makes improvements, in ways that do not present a challenge to current methods and thinking.

First-order change

GoFire Inc., a manufacturer of sportswear, starts adding sweat resistant padding to its football helmets to enhance their comfort. This addition is most accurately termed a(n) ______.

Incremental change

TrebleTip Corp., a producer of musical instruments, decides to start manufacturing personal computers that are compatible with its amplifiers and effects processors. This change by TrebleTip is a(n) _____.

Second-order change

Which of the following statements is true of second-order change?

It is disruptive and discontinuous.

Which of the following statements is true of operational innovations?

They have to be implemented before anyone can really see how they are going to work.

According to Everett Rogers, who among the following are usually the first in their social grouping to adopt new approaches and behaviors?

Innovators

_______ are opinion leaders who evaluate ideas carefully, take risks, help to adapt new ideas to local settings, and have effective networking skills.

Early adopters

Which of the following statements implies that it would be a mistake to think that disruptive innovation is the solution to most current organizational problems?

Considerable business benefit can be achieved through small-scale initiatives and sustaining innovations.

True or false, first-order changes are radical and fundamentally alter core assumptions.

False

True or false, innovations that are disruptive do not necessarily involve chaos and upheaval.

True

True or false, disruptive innovations are introduced more often by large, dominant incumbents rather than by smaller new entrants.

False

True or false, failure to manage organizational culture costs lives, reputations, careers, and money.

True

True or false, social media could be central in encouraging more open, communicative, egalitarian, collaborative, and responsive organizational cultures.

True

According to Blount and Leinwald, _______ is the key to motivation and motivated employees are the key to realizing an organization's objectives.

Purpose

Securitas AB, a traditional security guard service started using electronic security systems resulting in stronger client relations and higher margins. According to the ways of growth of organizations suggested by Malnight et al., this example best illustrates _______.

Responding to trends

In search of other ways to "create a better world for pets," Mars Petcare has developed ways of diagnosing and preventing pet health problems. According to the ways of growth of organizations suggested by Malnight et al., this example best illustrates _____.

Focusing on pain points

Which of the following is true of the retrospective approach to defining corporate purpose?

It is based on an organization's current reason for being.

Identify an example of a mission statement that uses imagery, not abstract, conceptual terms.

To make people laugh

According to Kimberly Boal and Robert Hooijberg, the _______ component of vision is based on information and expresses outcomes.

Cognitive

One of the characteristics of effective organizational visions that Kotter advocated in 2012 was _______, which means that the vision must embody realistic, attainable goals.

Feasibility

According to Carlton and Lucas, the use of abstract rhetoric while creating organizational vision leads to ______.

Blurry vision bias

According to Holpp and Kelly, the _____ approach to developing vision relies__ on the use of imagination and imagery to encourage staff to participate in vision development.

Intuitive

According to Holpp and Kelly, the _______ approach to developing vision requires focusing on the actions and standards utilized by the organization's toughest competitors.

Benchmarking

According to Holpp and Kelly, the ______ approach to developing vision is the most externally focused.

Benchmarking

A vision is most likely to fail if it is _______.

Too complex

True or false, according to John Kotter, effective visions are focused enough to guide decision-making yet are flexible enough to accommodate individual initiative and changing circumstances.

True

True or false, core values are durable guiding principles.

True

True or false, core values are durable guiding principles.

True