Muscles of the thoracic limb

M. Subscapularis origin

Subscapular fossa

M. Subscapularis insertion

Lesser tubercle

M. Subscapularis function

Flexor and extensor of shoulder joint, tendon functions as medial collateral ligament

M. Teres Major origin

Caudal border of scapula

M. Teres major insertion

Teres major tuberosity

M. Teres major function

Flexor of shoulder joint

M. Teres minor origin

Caudal border of scapula

M. Teres minor insertion

Teres minor tuberosity

M. Teres minor function

Flexor of shoulder joint

M. Deltoideus origin

Spine of scapula, caudal border of scapula

M. Deltoideus insertion

Deltoid tuberosity

M. Deltoideus function

Flexor of shoulder joint, abductor of upper arm

M. Deltoideus branches

Pars; scapularis, acromialis, clavicularis

M. Infraspinatus origin

Infraspinatus fossa

M. Infraspinatus insertion

Proximal to humerus

M. Infraspinatus function

Flexor of shoulder, tendons function as lateral collateral ligament

M. Supraspinous origin

Supraspinous fossa

M. Supraspinous insertion

Greater and lesser tubercle

M. Supraspinous function

Extensor of shoulder joint

M. Coracobrachialis origin

Coracoid process

M. Coracobrachialis insertion

Medial surface of humerus

M. Coracobrachialis functions

Draws upper arm inwards and outwards

M. Brachialis origin

Caudal on humerus

M. Brachialis insertion

Medial to radius and ulna

M. Brachialis function

Flexor of elbow joint

M. Biceps brachii origin

Supraglenoid tubercle

M. Biceps brachii insertion

Radial tuberosity

M. Biceps brachii function

Flexor of elbow joint, extensor of shoulder joint, stabilises should and carpal joints

M. Triceps brachii caput medialis origin

Medial on humerus

M. Triceps brachii insertion

Olecranon

M. Triceps brachii caput medialis function

Extensor of elbow joint

M. Triceps brachii caput lateralis origin

Lateral on humerus

M. Triceps brachii caput lateralis function

Extensor of elbow joint

M. Triceps brachii caput longum origin

Caudally of scapula

M. Triceps brachii caput longum function

Extensor of elbow joint, flexor of shoulder joint

M. Tensor fasciae antibrachii origin

Caudally of scapula

M. Tensor fasciae antibrachii insertion

Antibrachial fasciae

M. Tensor fascia antibrachii function

Tenses antibrachial fasciae, extensor of elbow joint

M. Anconeus origin

Distally on humerus, olecranon fossa

M. Anconeus insertion

Laterally on olecranon

M. Anconeus function

Extensor of elbow joint

M. Triceps brachii branches

Caput medialis, caput lateralis, caput longum, caput accessorium

M. Flexor carpal radialis origin

Medial epicondyle of humerus

M. Flexor carpal radialis insertions

2nd and 3rd metacarpal bonesm

M. Flexor carpal radialis function

Flexor of carpal joints

M. Flexor carpal ulnaris caput humeral origin

Medial epicondyle of humerus

M. Flexor carpal ulnaris caput humeral insertion

Accessory carpal bones

M. Flexor carpal ulnaris caput humeral function

Flexor of carpal joint

M. Flexor carpal ulnaris caput ulnares origin

Olecranon

M. Flexor carpal ulnaris caput ulnares insertion

Accessory carpal bones

M. Flexor carpal ulnaris caput ulnares function

Flexor of carpal joint

M. Flexor digitations superficiales origin

Medial epicondyle of humerus

M. Flexor digitations superficiales insertion

Proximal end of pharanx

M. Flexor digitations superficiales function

Flexor of supporting digitations and forefoot, stabilises fetlock joint

M. Flexor digitations profundus origin

Medial epicondyl of humerus, radius and ulna

M. Flexor digitations profundus insertion

Flexor surface of distal pharanx

M. Flexor digitations profundus function

Flexor of forefoot

Branches of M. Flexor carpal ulnaris

Caput humerale, caput ulnare

Branches of M. Flexor digitations profundus

Caput humerale, caput ulnare, caput radiale

M. Extensore carpi radialis origin

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

M. Extensore carpi radialis insertion

Proximal on 3rd metacarpal bone

M. Extensore carpi radialis function

Extensor and fixator of carpal joint

M. Extensor carpi ulnares origin

Lateral epicondyle on humerus

M. Extensor carpi ulnares insertion

3rd and 4th metacarpal bones, accessory bones

M. Extensor carpi ulnares function

Flexor of carpal joint

M. Extensor digitorum communis origin

Lateral epicondyle on humerus

M. Extensor digitorum communis insertion

Extensor process on distal pharanx

M. Extensor digitorum communis function

Extensor of carpal and digital joints

M. Extensores digitaltions lateralis origin

Lateral epicondyle on humerus

M. Extensores digitations lateralis insertion

Middle phalanx

M. Extensores digitations lateralis function

Extensor of digital joints

M. Pronator teres origin

Medial epicondyle of humerus

M. Pronator teres insertion

Proximal craniomedial radius

M. Pronator teres function

Pronator of the antebrachium and manus

M. Pronator quadratus origin & insertion

Bridges over the interosseous space between radius and ulna

M. Pronator quadratus function

Pronator of the antbrachium and forearm

M. Brachioradialis origin

Lateral supracondylar crest

M. Brachioradialis insertion

Distomedial radius

M. Brachioradialis function

Flexor of elbow joint and supinator of the antebrachium and manus

M. Supinator origin

Lateral collateral ligament of elbow

M. Supinator insertion

Proximal craniolateral surface of radius

M. Supinator function

Supinator of antebrachium and manus