Chem II - Chap 11

In a solution this is the one in a larger amount

solvent

In a solution this is the one in a smaller amount

solute

Ablilty for substances to mix depends on two factors:

they like to be mixed or IMFs make them mix

an electrolyte solution is when the _____ are moving around in the solution

electrons

Electrolytes have a ______ boiling point

higher

A substance that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water

electrolyte

may dissolve in water, but it does not dissociate into ions when it does

non electrolyte

an electrolyte works because it dissociates into _____ that releases eletrons to charge the water

ions

electrolytes are made from _____ , ______ , and _____

ionic compounds, strong acids, weak acids

maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature

solubility

maximum amount of solute in the solvent

saturated solution

a solution that can store more solute

unsaturated solution

a solution that stores more than the saturated solution at a higher temperature

supersaturated solution

a solution that is unstable

supersaturated solution

liquids that mix all in are

miscible

liquids that do not mix all in are

immiscible

Liquid/Liquid solubility: polar dissolves only

polar

Liquid/Liquid solubility: non polar dissolves only

non polar

the _____ the gas the more soluble it will be in water

larger

Gas/Liquid solubility: The _____ the gas the more soluble it will be in water

heavier

C_g

solubility of the gas

k_h

henry law constant

P_g

pressure of gas

C_g=k_hP_g

Henry’s law

solubility of gas in liquid decreases as temperature _____

increases

Solid/Liquid solubility: solubility of solids increases as temperature _____-

increases

mass percentage

mole fraction

molarity

boiling point elevation

freezing point depression

molality

vapor pressure lowering

parts per million

parts per billion

Strong IMFs and high boiling point

low vapor pressure

weak IMFs and low boiling point

high vapor pressure