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Who is Flavius?
A Roman tribune and military officer who removes crowns from Caesar's statues to oppose his growing power.
Who is Marullus?
A Roman tribune and military officer who, like Flavius, scolds citizens for celebrating Caesar and removes decorations from his statues.
Who is Brutus?
A noble politician and main character who joins the conspiracy against Caesar, believing it's for Rome's good.
Who is Cassius?
A cunning senator who manipulates Brutus into joining the conspiracy against Caesar.
What happens to Julius Caesar in the play?
He is assassinated by the conspirators, including Brutus and Cassius.
Who is Mark Antony?
A loyal Roman general who avenges Caesar's death, delivers his famous funeral speech, and fights Brutus and Cassius with Octavius.
Who is Calpurnia?
Caesar's wife who has a prophetic dream warning him of his death, but he ignores her.
Who is the Soothsayer?
A man who predicts the future and warns Caesar to "Beware the Ides of March."
Who is Casca?
A senator and conspirator who delivers the first stab to Caesar during the assassination.
What happens to Portia?
Brutus's wife, who kills herself by swallowing hot coals out of despair.
Who is Decius Brutus?
A conspirator who convinces Caesar to go to the Capitol by appealing to his ego, leading to his death.
Who is Artemidorus?
A man who tries to warn Caesar about the conspiracy with a letter, but Caesar ignores it.
Who is Metellus Cimber?
A conspirator who distracts Caesar by pleading for his brother's return, giving the signal to attack.
Who is Octavius?
Caesar's nephew and heir who joins Antony and Lepidus to form the Second Triumvirate and defeats Brutus and Cassius.
Who is Lepidus?
A Roman general who joins Antony and Octavius but is seen as weak and unimportant.
Who is Titinius?
Cassius's loyal officer; his mistaken "death" causes Cassius to commit suicide. Titinius then kills himself out of grief.
Who is Pindarus?
Cassius's slave whose false report about Titinius leads Cassius to kill himself.
Who is Strato?
Brutus's servant who holds his sword so he can commit suicide. Later, he serves Octavius.
What happens in Act I, Scene 1?
Flavius & Marullus scold citizens celebrating Caesar's victory over Pompey, remove decorations from his statues to curb his power.
Why are Flavius and Marullus angry?
Citizens celebrate Caesar defeating fellow Romans (Pompey), not foreign enemies.
What warning does the Soothsayer give in Act I, Scene 2?
"Beware the Ides of March" (March 15), which Caesar dismisses.
How does Cassius manipulate Brutus?
Tells stories of Caesar's weaknesses (fever, drowning) and plans to forge letters to sway Brutus.
What happens when Antony offers Caesar the crown?
Caesar refuses 3 times but seems reluctant, then has an epileptic fit.
What omens appear in Act I, Scene 3?
Burning hand, lion in Capitol, owls at noon—Casca sees them as bad signs; Cassius calls them warnings against Caesar.
What is Brutus's internal conflict in Act II, Scene 1?
Decides Caesar must die to prevent future tyranny, though Caesar hasn't yet abused power.
How does Portia prove her loyalty to Brutus?
Stabs herself in the thigh to show she can handle his secrets.
What is Decius's role in Act II, Scene 2?
Reinterprets Calpurnia's nightmare positively and shames Caesar into going to the Senate.
What does Artemidorus try to do in Act II, Scene 3?
Writes a letter naming all conspirators, but Caesar ignores it.
Why is Portia anxious in Act II, Scene 4?
Sends Lucius to spy on Brutus, nearly reveals the conspiracy to the Soothsayer.
How does Caesar die in Act III, Scene 1?
Stabbed by conspirators; last words: "Et tu, Brute?" Dies at Pompey's statue.
What mistake does Brutus make with Antony?
Lets him speak at Caesar's funeral (with conditions), allowing Antony to turn the crowd.
How does Antony's funeral speech manipulate the crowd?
Uses irony ("honorable men"), shows Caesar's wounds/body, and reads his generous will.
What happens to Cinna the Poet?
Mob kills him for sharing a name with a conspirator, showing chaos post-assassination.
What does the Triumvirate (Antony, Octavius, Lepidus) do in Act IV, Scene 1?
Plans to kill enemies (even relatives); Antony calls Lepidus useless.
Why do Brutus and Cassius argue in Act IV, Scene 3?
Brutus accuses Cassius of taking bribes; Cassius offers his dagger in emotional confrontation.
How does Portia die?
Swallows hot coals in despair after Brutus flees Rome.
What does Caesar's ghost say to Brutus?
"We'll meet again at Philippi"—foreshadows Brutus's defeat.
What omens does Cassius see before battle?
Eagles replaced by ravens/crows (bad luck); it's his birthday.
How does Cassius die?
Pindarus falsely reports Titinius's capture; Cassius kills himself with Caesar's sword.
What happens to Titinius?
Finds Cassius dead and kills himself with Cassius's sword.
How does Brutus die?
Runs onto his sword held by Strato, saying "Caesar, now be still."
What does Antony say about Brutus at the end?
Calls him "the noblest Roman" because he acted for Rome, not envy.