AP World History Modern - Speed Review

Flashcards covering key vocabulary from the AP World History Modern speed review.

Song Dynasty

Ruled using Neo-Confucianism and the civil service exam, while Buddhism remained the main belief system; Champa rice provided plenty of food.

Dar al-Islam

Saw the end of the caliphate system after the Abbasids fell to the Mongols; contributions to math, science, medicine, and intellectual pursuits.

Sufism

Branch of Islam that attracted many converts.

Inca

Centralized power through their road system and the mita labor system.

Aztec

Centralized power through their human sacrifice system and had lake farms called chinampas.

Africa State Building

Mali and the trans-Saharan trade, Great Zimbabwe, and the Swahili coast.

Europe Feudalism

Serfs working on manors in a decentralized system of government.

Kashgar and Samarkand

Trading cities that emerged in Central Asia along the Silk Road.

Diaspora

People living away from their homeland.

Monsoon Winds

Seasonal winds that knowledge of them is required, especially concerning the Indian Ocean trade.

Trans-Saharan Trade

Reconnected Dar al-Islam to sub-Saharan Africa, facilitating trade, the spread of Islam, and travelers.

Manchus

Invaded China from the north and established the final Chinese Empire; they centralized their power on the banner system.

Ottomans

Took Constantinople in 1453 and renamed it Istanbul; were Sunni Muslim.

Mughals

An Islamic group ruling over a Hindu majority in India, known for their religious tolerance.

Safavids

Known as the Shia Empire.

Tokugawa Japan

Established a military shogunate ruled by a shogun who eventually declared sakoku.

Sikhism

Based on the teachings of Guru Nanak in the Mughal Empire and took teachings from both Hinduism and Islam.

Portuguese and Spanish Caravels, Dutch Fluyts, Islamic Astrolabes, and Chinese Compasss

Technology that allowed European empires to cross oceans and set up empires.

Viceroyalties

Literally areas ruled by a vice king or viceroy in the Spanish Empire.

Encomienda System

A kind of New World feudalism system set up by the Spanish.

Trading Post Empire

Small trading posts to move goods in and out of places, instead of taking over huge chunks of land.

Joint-Stock Companies

Government-sponsored monopolies where anyone could invest, spreading the wealth and the risk

Columbian Exchange

Plants, animals, and diseases crossing the ocean for the first time.

Nationalism

The idea that a nation should run the state, and if they don't, they're going to fight for that right.

Factory System

Workers come to a factory where they mass-produce things for sale.

Imperialism

Racist policies or religious civilizing missions - ideas like social Darwinism, which served as excuses for expanding empires.

Settler Colonies

Britain sends a small amount of people to settle there.

Export Economies

Focuses on cotton, rubber, and palm oil--the raw materials empires craved in Unit 6.

Enclaves

Migrants begin setting up full-scale enclaves, like Little Italy in New York City.

Total War

Everything in your country that is utilized for victory.

Cold War

The Americans with their capitalism and democracy, and the Soviets with their dictatorship and communism.

Self-Determination

The UN guaranteed states the right to this.

Song Dynasty

Ruled using Neo-Confucianism and the civil service exam, while Buddhism remained the main belief system; Champa rice provided plenty of food.

Dar al-Islam

Saw the end of the caliphate system after the Abbasids fell to the Mongols; contributions to math, science, medicine, and intellectual pursuits.

Sufism

Branch of Islam that attracted many converts.

Inca

Centralized power through their road system and the mita labor system.

Aztec

Centralized power through their human sacrifice system and had lake farms called chinampas.

Africa State Building

Mali and the trans-Saharan trade, Great Zimbabwe, and the Swahili coast.

Europe Feudalism

Serfs working on manors in a decentralized system of government.

Kashgar and Samarkand

Trading cities that emerged in Central Asia along the Silk Road.

Diaspora

People living away from their homeland.

Monsoon Winds

Seasonal winds that knowledge of them is required, especially concerning the Indian Ocean trade.

Trans-Saharan Trade

Reconnected Dar al-Islam to sub-Saharan Africa, facilitating trade, the spread of Islam, and travelers.

Manchus

Invaded China from the north and established the final Chinese Empire; they centralized their power on the banner system.

Ottomans

Took Constantinople in 1453 and renamed it Istanbul; were Sunni Muslim.

Mughals

An Islamic group ruling over a Hindu majority in India, known for their religious tolerance.

Safavids

Known as the Shia Empire.

Tokugawa Japan

Established a military shogunate ruled by a shogun who eventually declared sakoku.

Sikhism

Based on the teachings of Guru Nanak in the Mughal Empire and took teachings from both Hinduism and Islam.

Portuguese and Spanish Caravels, Dutch Fluyts, Islamic Astrolabes, and Chinese Compasss

Technology that allowed European empires to cross oceans and set up empires.

Viceroyalties

Literally areas ruled by a vice king or viceroy in the Spanish Empire.

Encomienda System

A kind of New World feudalism system set up by the Spanish.

Trading Post Empire

Small trading posts to move goods in and out of places, instead of taking over huge chunks of land.

Joint-Stock Companies

Government-sponsored monopolies where anyone could invest, spreading the wealth and the risk

Columbian Exchange

Plants, animals, and diseases crossing the ocean for the first time.

Nationalism

The idea that a nation should run the state, and if they don't, they're going to fight for that right.

Factory System

Workers come to a factory where they mass-produce things for sale.

Imperialism

Racist policies or religious civilizing missions - ideas like social Darwinism, which served as excuses for expanding empires.

Settler Colonies

Britain sends a small amount of people to settle there.

Export Economies

Focuses on cotton, rubber, and palm oil--the raw materials empires craved in Unit 6.

Enclaves

Migrants begin setting up full-scale enclaves, like Little Italy in New York City.

Total War

Everything in your country that is utilized for victory.

Cold War

The Americans with their capitalism and democracy, and the Soviets with their dictatorship and communism.

Self-Determination

The UN guaranteed states the right to this.

Mercantilism

An economic policy where colonies exist to benefit the mother country.

Triangular Trade

A system of trade involving Europe, Africa, and the Americas, often associated with the slave trade.

Syncretism

The blending of different religions or cultures.

Indentured Servitude

Labor system where people work for a period in exchange for passage to a new country.

Absolutism

A political system where a ruler holds total power.

Devshirme

Ottoman policy of taking boys from conquered Christian peoples to be trained as Muslim soldiers.

Janissaries

Elite Ottoman soldiers, often recruited through the devshirme system.

Mita System

Inca labor system where people owed mandatory labor to the state.

Mit'a System

Coerced labor system implemented by the Spanish in the Americas.

Council of the Indies

Spanish governing body that advised the king on colonial matters.

Plantation System

Agricultural system based on large-scale farms using slave labor.

Middle Passage

The sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies.

Songhai Empire

West African empire that controlled trans-Saharan trade routes.

Encomiendas

Spanish labor system that rewarded conquerors with the labor of particular groups of subject people.

Haciendas

Large estates in Spanish America, often used for agriculture and ranching.

Mughal Architecture

Blend of Persian, Islamic, and Indian styles, exemplified by the Taj Mahal.

Carrack

Three or four-masted