Compromise of 1850 and Other Key Events

Compromise of 1850

Set california as a free state, set the boundary for texas and the united states, amended the fugitive slave act

Henry clay, Calhoun

Mad slavery is prohibited everywhere

Daniel Webster, Steven Douglas

wanted to keep the Union

Key Points

California enters as a free state
New Mexico and utah, popular sovereignty
Texas and New mexico border settled (Payed Texas $10 Million)
Slave Trade/Auctions in D.C taken away/ banned, But slavery still persisted
Stricter Fugitive slave act

Popular Sovereignty

Policy allowing settlers in a territory to determine whether slavery would be permitted, notably applied in the territories of New Mexico and Utah.

Fugitive Slave Act

Legislation enabling the capture and return of escaped slaves, significantly strengthened by the Compromise of 1850.

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Influential novel portraying the harsh realities of slavery, contributing to the growing anti-slavery sentiment in the North.

The Impending Crisis of the South

Book arguing that the economic and technological advancements of the time would render slavery unsustainable in the long term.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Controversial 1854 legislation allowing popular sovereignty to determine the status of slavery in the new territories, leading to the nullification of the Missouri Compromise.

Bleeding Kansas

Violent clashes in Kansas resulting from the struggle over the expansion of slavery, reflecting the deepening divide between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions.

John Brown

Prominent figure in the abolitionist movement, known for his radical actions against slavery, including his involvement in the events of Bleeding Kansas.

Dred Scott Case

Landmark legal case that declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, intensifying the sectional tensions between the North and South.

Harpers Ferry

Site of an attempted slave revolt led by John Brown, serving as a catalyst for the escalating national debate over slavery.

Manifest Destiny

Belief in the divine mission to expand the United States across the continent, often intertwined with the expansion of slavery and religious justification.

Gadsden Purchase

1854 treaty securing US control over parts of present-day Arizona and New Mexico, aimed at facilitating the construction of the transcontinental railroad.

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

1848 treaty concluding the Mexican-American War and resulting in Mexico ceding significant territories to the United States.

Webster-Ashburton Treaty

1842 treaty resolving boundary disputes between the United States and Canada, negotiated by Daniel Webster.

Childrens Anti Slavery Book

The south's way to promote slavery and to tell kids about it.

Popular Music in the 1850s

Usually written about slavery and peoples views on it. An example is "massas in the cold ground" (Talking about a dead slave owner who has been buried.") A lot of songs were like this but not all.

Democrats

(Old Party) Have been around for a while. Exist in the South and North. Strong position on slavery. Strong in the South

Whigs

(Old Party) Have been around for slightly less time. Exist in the North and South. Weak position on slavery. Stronger in the North

Know-Nothings

(New Party) Emerge alongside high levels of immigration from Ireland & Germany. Neutral on slavery; support temperance.

Free-Soilers

(New Party) These emerge with ideas about how to effectively manage the Mexican cession. Close it to slavery; close it to black people.

Republicans

(New Party) This party emerges in light of the Whig's weak stance of slavery. Stop slavery's spread; abolition?

History of Texas

Was first ruled by Spain(set up missions along coast)
When Mexico took over they disproved the missions
Steven Austin → disproved American (settlers)--> Migrated for money
No taxes for Texas

Santa Anna & Mexican policy towards US settlers

Santa Anna (Mexico came for power)
Policies were there was a strict rule that you had to be catholic to live in Mexico(Texas)
Also bans slaves

The Alamo

Spanish created forts that were destroyed when Mexico took over.

War with Mexico

Sam Huston -. Declares Independence
Captured Santa Anna and forced to sign Independence

Border Issues

Texas claimed the border was Rio Grande
Mexico claimed it to be the Nueces River

How did the war go for the US/Mexico?

U.S won by a landslide; affected Mexico's economy

The Mexican Cession

Land Mexico gave up after the Mexican/American war; 10 total states