circulatory system

parts of the circulatory system

cardiovascular and lymphatic

how do oxygen and nutrients spread through the blood?

diffuse across capillary walls to tissues

average male blood volume

5-6

average female blood volume

4-5

parts of blood

plasma, buffy coat, blood cells

another name for blood cells

erythrocytes

percentage of blood volume that consists of red blood cells

hematocrit

portion of blood composed of leukocytes and platelets

buffy coat

straw colored sticky fluid portion of blood

blood plasma

what is blood plasma made of

90% water, ions, nutrients, wastes, proteins

oxygen transporting cells

erythrocytes/RBCs

what are erythrocytes made of

hemoglobin and no organelles or nuclei

what is the makeup of hemoglobin

4 iron (hem) and globulin (noodles)

how many oxygen molecules per iron

4 per iron

protect the body from infectious microorganisms

leukocytes/WBCs

another name for white blood cells

leukocytes

two types of leukocytes

granulocytes and agranulocytes

types of granulocytes

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

types of agranulocytes

lymphocytes and monocytes

leukocytes from most common to least common

Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils)

carries blood away from heart, high pressure

arterial circulation

carries blood to heart, low pressure

venous circulation

3 major types of blood vessels

arteries, capillaries, veins

carries blood away from heart

artery

smallest arteries

arterioles

smallest blood vessel

capillaries

receive blood from capillaries

venules

receive blood from venules

vein

inner tunic containing epithelium

tunica interna

sheets of smooth muscle

tunica media

contraction of tunica media

vasoconstriction

relaxation of tunica media

vasodilation

connective tissue layer

tunica externa

central blood filled space of a vessel

lumen

another name for elastic arteries

conducting arteries

examples of elastic arteries

aorta and its major branches

largest type of artery with high elastin content to dampen the surge of blood pressure

elastic artery

another name for muscular arteries

distributing arteries

examples of muscular arteries

includes most named arteries

thick tunica media, contains internal and external elastic membrane

muscular artery

factors affecting arteriole diameter

local factors of tissues and sympathetic nervous system

capillary locations

lungs, small intestines, endocrine glands, kidneys

epithelial cells joined by tight junctions and desmosomes, most common capillary

continuous capillary

gaps of unjoined membranes that allow small molecules in and out of capillaries

intercellular clefts

epithelial cells joined by tight junctions and desmosomes, pores in endothelium

fenestrated capillaries

locations of fenestrated capillaries

small intestine, glomeruli of kidneys, endocrine glands

pores

fenestrations

wide, leaky capillaries found in some organs

sinusoid capillaries

sinusoid capillary locations

liver, bone marrow, spleen

network of capillaries running through tissue

capillary beds

regulate the flow of blood to tissues

pre-capillary sphincters

do veins or arteries have a larger lumen?

veins

veins have a thinner tunica externa than arteries (t or f)

false

veins have less elastin in the walls than arteries (t or f)

true

do veins or arteries have thicker walls?

arteries

muscles press against thin walled veins

skeletal muscle pumo