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AOC- abbreviation for Articles of confederation NWO- abbreviation for Northwest Ordinance CC- abbreviation for constitutional Convention SR- abbreviation for Shay’s Rebellion VP- abbreviation for Virginia Plan NJP- New Jersey Plan GC- great Compromise
Name four powers given to the NATIONAL government under the AOC
Can declare war ~~~can’t draft soldiers
Can make peace treaties —- Every state had its own army
Could establish a navy
Congress can print money
name four weaknesses of the AOC
Couldn’t enforce laws
Couldn’t tax states - lead to major debt
No court system
Cant get involved in boundary disputes
Why does it make sense that the states wanted to limit the power of the national government
They wanted to avoid a monarchy like Great Britain they also wanted to avoid being taxed like how they were by Britain
Explain northwest ordinance
Provided an orderly way of settling the West
What was not allowed in the territory - NWO
Slavery
What was promised in the territory- NWO (5)
Education
Freedom of religion
Trial by jury
Is area east of the _____
can determine statehood
What did they make the NWO so ideal?
What caused Shay’s Rebellion?
Farmers couldn’t pay debt and taxes
to free debtors and close courts
Where did SR take place?
Springfield Massachusetts
How did the weakness in the AOC lead to the rebellion?
There wasn’t a national army and there wasn’t a common currency and the national gov couldn’t collect taxes
What was the Annapolis Convention?
Took place in Sept of 1786
5 states send representatives to discuss trade, fix government, and avoid another revolution
Decided a meeting is necessary in Philly, May 1787
CC:
When?
Where?
May 25- Sept 17 1787
Philly- Pennsylvania State House
CC:
How many states sent delegates
How many delegates
12
55
Who were significant delegates at CC?
James Madison
Alexander Hamilton
Gouverneur Morris
Robert Morris
Roger Sherman
William Patterson
Edmund Randolph
John Dickinson
Hamilton state and contribution
Member of GWs staff during war
NY delegate
Didn’t believe in Democracy
Favored a strong central government
James Madison state and contribution
Virginia
Father of constitution
Believed articles should be thrown out
Some states had too much power
Wrote VA plan
Spoke every day
Took 600 pages of notes
Gouvernour Morris state and contribution
PA
spoke everyday
Wrote the text of the CC
beloved in strong national government and senators serving for life
Robert Morris state and contribution
PA
Paid for 80% of bullets for the Continental army
GW stayed at his house during CC
Roger Sherman state and contribution
William Paterson state and contribution
Edmund Randolph state and contribution
John Dickinson state and contribution
Deleware
Wrote Olive BP and AOC
attended stamp act congress and CC
Votes against Delclaration of Independence
Fought for Continental army
Opposed slavery
What was the biggest/first challenge for the delegates?
Deciding a plan for the amount of delegates and power for each state
What is a republic?
How many branches in VP
What was representation for each state determined by
3
According to the population or wealth of the state
Purpose of each branch in VP
Legislative- makes laws
Executive - carries the laws
Judicial - interpreted the laws
How many houses in legislative branch VP —- what was it based on?
2
One for the senate and one for the House of Representatives
NJ PLAN- how many houses in leg branch - based on
1 - each state gets one vote and equal representation
Other name for Great Compromise?
Conecticut Compromise
Explain GC
Proposed by Roger Sherman, legislative branch had two houses, senate= equal representation
House of Representatives = population
What was the major issue about slavery
Since representation in the House of Representatives was based on population, the delegates had to decide how enslaved people would be counted because southern states had many slaves and some didn’t have any
Who strongly opposed abolishing slavery? Why?
States in the south, they had many slaves which meant they would have more representation
What was the 3/5 Compromise?
3/5 of all slaves would count when determining taxes and population
What did the delegates agree to do regarding banning of slavery? Why?
They determined that slavery wouldn’t be outlawed until 1808 at the earliest. They would all be dead by then
How many executives did the delegates believe was best?
One or three. Decided on a single executive called the president
Why were delegates concerned with the people directly electing the president?
They thought they were too stupid
Explain Electoral College
The number of electors was equal to the number of senators and number of representatives in congress
How many states did it take to ratify the Constitution?
9
What did federalists believe?
Power in government is shared between federal/national government and the states
Supported a strong federal government
Divided the power between three branches
Name two famous federalists
Hamilton, James Madison
What did the anti federalists fear? What did they believe?
Thought the constitution took too much power from states
Feared presidents becoming too powerful
Wanted legislative branch to have more power than executive
Wanted protection or people’s rights
How did the Bill of Rights solve the problem anti federalists were facing?
Who wrote a pamphlet in response to the Bill of Rights?
What were the Federalist papers?
A series of essays to counter the Anti federalists.
Government is limited
Power is divided
85 essays in total
Published in newspapers
Which four states were strongly opposed to ratification?
MA
NC
RI
NY
VA
Who were the leaders that had the strongest opposition to ratification?
Sam adams
John Hancock
Patrick henry
Mason
Gerry
Randolph
Who were the first three states to ratify?
Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania
Who was the last state to ratify?
Rhode Island
Under the AOC: states must _____ to survive
Unify
Who wrote the AOC
John Dickinson
CC - what do us Americans believe in?
Unalienable rights
Democracy
Consent of the governed—
republic
done through electing officials
Note
Flashcard