Texas Tech Practice Questions

When standing in the Anatomical Position the palms of the hands face:

anteriorly

laterally

medially

posteriorly

superiorly

anteriorly

While wandering around in the dark in an unfamiliar home, a visitor accidentally walks into a plate glass door. The door shatters and a shard of glass severs the posterolateral aspect of the woman's neck. Examination reveals that the she is unable to elevate the tip of her shoulder on the injured side. The nerve injured is:

accessory

dorsal scapular

greater occiptal

spinal nerve C4

thoracodorsal

accessory

The regionally named layer of tissue which encloses and binds muscle groups together is the:

deep fascia

intermuscular septum

neurovascular bundle

skin

subcutaneous tissue

deep fascia

A person receives a laceration along the anterior border of the trapezius muscle in the neck and subsequently the point of his shoulder (scapula) sags and he has some difficulty fully abducting his arm. What nerve appears to have been severed?

accessory (Cr. N. XI)

axillary

dorsal scapular

greater occipital

suprascapular

accessory (Cr. N. XI)

Interruption of cranial nerve XI would paralyze which muscle?

deltoid

latissimus dorsi

levator scapulae

rhomboideus major

trapezius

trapezius

After initial examination, the patient is sent to radiology. Radiographs reveal that the portion of the scapula forming the tip or point of the shoulder has been fractured. This bone is the:

acromion

angle

coracoid

glenoid

spine

acromion

Elevation of the tip of the patient's right shoulder was still possible indicating that which of the following nerves was intact?

accessory

axillary

dorsal scapular

suprascapular

thoracodorsal

accessory

Loss of function, paralysis, of which muscle would result in drooping or sagging of the shoulder?

Erector spinae

Latissumus dorsi

Levator scapulae

Rhomboideus major

Trapezius

Trapezius

As you are sitting in a quiz, the skin immediately over the base of the spine of your scapula begins to itch. The sensation from this area is mediated through which nervous structure?

Accessory nerve

Dorsal primary ramus of C7

Dorsal root of T2

Ventral primary ramus C7

Ventral root of T2

Dorsal primary ramus of C7

If the right dorsal scapular nerve were cut near its origin, what would result: Skin of the upper back on the right side would be numb

The point of the right shoulder would droop

Scapular retraction on the right would be weakened

Extension of the right arm would be weakened

Inability to adduct the right arm

Scapular retraction on the right would be weakened

The transverse cervical artery is severed in an auto accident. What muscle would be affected the most?

Levator scapulae

Rhomboideus minor

Rhomboideus major

Trapezius

Latissimus dorsi

Trapezius

During a triathalon biking accident, a rider fell and landed with the handle bar of her bike forced upward into her right axilla. Subsequently while swimming in another triathalon event she found that her right arm tired so badly during the swimming portion that she could barely finish the event. During examination it was found that movements involving adduction, medial rotation and extension of her arm were particularly weak and affected her swimming stroke. The nerve injured was the:

Accessory

Dorsal scapular

Lateral pectoral

Medial pectoral

Thoracodorsal

Thoracodorsal

After a penetrating wound in the area of the posterior axillary fold a patient had weakness in extension and adduction of the arm. Which muscle is likely involved?

Latissimus dorsi

Pectoralis major

Levator scapulae

Rhomboideus major

Trapezius

Latissimus dorsi

The part of a spinal nerve that supplies the true back muscles and the skin overlying them is the:

dorsal primary ramus

dorsal root

ventral primary ramus

ventral root

dorsal primary ramus

Which is a source of axons found in the dorsal primary ramus of the 4th thoracic spinal nerve?

Afferent neurons arising from the skin overlying the trapezius muscle

Somatic motor neurons supplying the levator scapulae muscle

Somatic motor neurons supplying the rhomboid muscles

Somatic motor neurons supplying the trapezius muscle

Afferent neurons arising from the skin overlying the trapezius muscle

A football player suffers a herniated (ruptured) intervertebral disk in his neck. The disk compresses the spinal nerve exiting through the intevertebral foramen between the 5th and 6th cervical vertebrae. Which spinal nerve is affected?

C 4

C 5

C 6

C 7

C 8

C 6

A man has a herniated intervertebral disk between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae. If this disk compresses the spinal nerve in the intervertebral foramen immediately posterior to this disk, which spinal nerve would be affected?

L 3

L 4

L 5

S 1

S 2

L 5

Both the dural sac and the subarachnoid space end at which vertebral level?

L 4

L 5

S 2

S 1

S 4

S 2

It is decided to image the spinal cord and spinal nerve rootlets by doing a myelogram (injection of a radio-opaque dye into the subarachnoid space followed by a radiograph). In order to inject the dye without injury to the spinal cord, the injection is usually done below what vertebral level?

L 1

L 2

L 3

L 4

L 5

L 4

The myelogram revealed that the dye had leaked out along the spinal nerves in the mid cervical region on the right side. For the dye to leak out, what layer must have been torn or ruptured?

arachnoid

denticulate ligament

periosteum

pia

perineurium

arachnoid

The myelogram also revealed that the dorsal and ventral rootlets of the 5th and 6th cervical nerves had been avulsed (torn or pulled out) from the spinal cord on the right side. Which nerve fibers would not be damaged by the avulsion?

general somatic afferent

general somatic efferent

preganglionic sympathetic

postganglionic sympathetic

preganglionic sympathetic

postganglionic sympathetic

The intervertebral disk:

is found between all adjacent vertebrae

adds about 1/4 entire length of vertebral column

is a type of synovial joint within the vertebral column

contains a compressible liquid center

is perforated by the needle when performing a spinal tap

adds about 1/4 entire length of vertebral column

The conus medullaris:

exhibits both a cervical and lumbar enlargement

has a modification of neural tissue extending from its termination to the coccygeal ligament

gives origin to most of the cauda equina

is found at its lowest extent at S2

is normally anesthetized to perform a spinal tap

gives origin to most of the cauda equina

A neuron with a cell body in the dorsal root ganglia could convey what type of fibers?

motor to the deep back muscles

motor to the pectoralis major muscle

sensory from the skin overlying the trapezius

sympathetic preganglionics to the suprarenal medulla

visceral efferents to the stomach

sensory from the skin overlying the trapezius

The denticulate ligament:

is a modification of pia mater

is found between all dorsal and ventral roots

attaches to the dural sac continuously

has its terminal attachment at S2

holds the radicular arteries in place

is a modification of pia mater

which ligament would it pass through on its way to the subarachnoid space? Anterior longitudinal

Denticulate

Ligamentum nuchae

Posterior longitudinal

Supraspinous

Supraspinous

The number of vertebrae and number of spinal cord segments are the same in each region except:

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

Sacral

Cervical

If in the process of doing a lumbar puncture a spinal needle was inserted posteriorly in the midline until it had just penetrated the posterior longitudinal ligament, would the needle have entered the subarachnoid space?

Yes

No

Yes

While moving into a new apartment a student lifting a heavy box of books experiences a sharp pain in his back, radiating down the anterior thigh and medial side of his leg. After several days of misery, he finally goes for treatment and is told that he has a herniated intervertebral disk at the L 4 level which is compressing a spinal nerve where it exits the vertebral column. The point of compression is the:

Central canal

Foramen magnum

Hiatus of the sacral canal

Intervertebral foramen

Vertebral foramen

Intervertebral foramen

Which muscle is innervated by posterior primary rami?

Latissimus dorsi

Levator scapulae

Rhomboideus major

Erector spinae

Trapezius

Erector spinae

The spinal cord is segmented like the vertebral column, but in contrast to the vertebrae, there are only _____ cord segments

28

29

30

31

32

31

A patient is suspected of having bacterial meningitis. A lumbar puncture is performed to remove cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for analysis. If done properly, the needle used for the tap would penetrate all layers except:

Arachnoid mater

Epidural fat

Dura mater

Pia mater

Supraspinous ligament

Pia mater

A patient is suspected of having bacterial meningitis. A lumbar puncture is performed to remove cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for analysis. The fluid would be removed from the:

Epidural space at the level of L3

Intervertebral foramen at the level of L2

Spinal canal at level of L 3 S

Subdural space at the level of L4

Subarachnoid space at the level of L4

Subarachnoid space at the level of L4

In the lumbar spine, the L4 nerve root sleeve exits:

above the pedicle of L4 and at the top of the intervertebral foramen

above the pedicle of L4 and at the bottom of the intervertebral foramen below the pedicle of L4 and at the top of the intervertebral foramen

below the pedicle of L4 and at the bottom of the intervertebral foramen

below the pedicle of L4 and at the top of the intervertebral foramen

Which structure does NOT contain efferent autonomic nerve fibers?

Dorsal ramus of C4

Dorsal root of T6

Ventral root of T3

Ventral ramus of L2

Dorsal root of T6

In an adult, the conus medullaris of the spinal cord is normally positioned at which vertebral body levels:

T10-T12

T12-L2

L2-L4

L5-S1

T12-L2

Inserting a spinal tap needle in the lumbar region, in the midline, you hear and feel a 'pop' at the needle tip. What structure was perforated to cause the 'pop?'

intervertebral disk

anterior longitudinal ligament

ligamentum flavum

dura mater

arachnoid mater

dura mater

A 45-year-old man complained to his physician that the muscles of his upper limb were weak and he felt clumsy while walking. Tests revealed that he had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease), a disease which attacks the neurons of the voluntary motor system. Where would one expect to see atrophic or degenerated nerve cell bodies?

Dorsal horn of the spinal cord

Dorsal root ganglion

Lateral horn of the spinal cord

Sympathetic chain ganglia

Ventral horn of the spinal cord

Ventral horn of the spinal cord

If one does a laminectomy (removing the laminae of two adjacent vertebrae) to expose the spinal cord, which ligament must be removed?

anterior longitudinal

denticulate

ligamentum flavum

ligamentum nuchae

posterior longitudinal

ligamentum flavum

The clavipectoral fascia is penetrated by which artery?

Anterior circumflex humeral

Axillary

Subscapular

Thoracoacromial

Thoracodorsal

Thoracoacromial

In the process of doing an axillary lymph node dissection in a 50 year-old patient, the surgery resident cleans the space between the pectoralis major and minor muscles, in an attempt to remove all of the lateral pectoral lymph nodes. Upon recovery it is noted that the patient's lower pectoralis major is paralyzed. The nerve most likely injured is the:

axillary

lateral pectoral

medial pectoral

suprascapular

thoracodorsal

medial pectoral

In lymphatic drainage of the breast, the major portion (about 75%) enters eventually into which group of nodes?

Central axillary

Deltopectoral

Lateral axilllary

Parasternal

Subscapular

Central axillary

The prognosis in breast cancer is poorer as more proximal lymph nodes are found to have cancerous cells in them. Spread of cancer to which of the following axillary nodes would indicate the worst prognosis?

apical

central

lateral

anterior

posterior

apical

Postoperative examination revealed that the medial border and inferior angle of the left scapula became unusually prominent (projected posteriorly) when the arm was carried forward in the sagittal plane, especially if the patient pushed with outstretched arm against heavy resistance (e.g., a wall). What muscle must have been denervated during the axillary dissection?

Levator scapulae

Pectoralis major

Rhomboideus major

Serratus anterior

Subscapularis

Serratus anterior

During a motorcycle accident, an 18-year-old male landed on the right lateral side of his rib cage with his right upper limb abducted. In the hospital he was found to have "winging" of the right scapula. Which nerve was likely damaged in the accident?

Accessory

Lateral pectoral

Long thoracic

Phrenic

Vagus

Long thoracic

After a jarring blow to the left anterior shoulder region, a young field hockey player was told by an examining physician that she had a muscle tear that resulted directly from the superolateral distraction of a fractured coracoid process. Which muscle was torn?

Deltoid

Pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor

Serratus anterior

Subclavius

Pectoralis minor

After being thrown from a motorcycle moving at high speed, a 16-year-old female was found to have a paralyzed right pectoralis major muscle. Which set of movements at the shoulder joint would be found greatly weakened? Abduction and extension

Abduction and lateral rotation

Adduction and flexion

Lateral rotation and extension

Adduction and flexion

In the axilla the pectoralis minor is a landmark, being closely related to all of the following structures except:

cephalic vein

cords of the brachial plexus

lateral thoracic artery

medial pectoral nerve

second part of the axillary artery

cephalic vein

In the process of escaping from T. rex in Jurassic Park the heroine punctures the skin on the medial side of her wrist on a spiny bush. A few days later, due to the toxin, an infection is seen spreading up the medial side of her arm along the large cutaneous vein extending from the dorsum of her hand to the medial side of her arm. The vein involved is the:

basilic

brachial

cephalic

median cubital

ulnar

basilic

The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve comes from the:

Axillary nerve

Medial cord nerve

Musculocutaneous nerve

Radial nerve

Ulnar nerve

Musculocutaneous nerve

In withdrawing a blood sample from the median cubital vein the needle passes slightly deep and medial; which nerve might possibly be injured? Dorsal ulnar cutaneous

Lateral antebrachial cutaneous

Medial antebrachial cutaneous

Posterior antebrachial cutaneous

Superficial radial

Medial antebrachial cutaneous

The vein of choice for withdrawing blood is the:

Basilic

Cephalic

Median antebrachial

Median cubital

Median cubital

A sixteen-year-old boy receives a superficial cut on the thumb side of his forearm. The superficial vein most likely affected is the:

Basilic

Cephalic

Median antebrachial

Median cubital

Radial

Cephalic

A sixteen-year-old boy received a superficial cut on the ulnar side of his forearm. The superficial vein most likely affected is the:

Basilic

Cephalic

Median antebrachial

Median cubital

Radial

Basilic

During insertion of an IV cannula in the median cubital vein, the patient suddenly lost feeling on the radial side of the forearm. What nerve was injured?

Lateral antebrachial cutaneous

Medial antebrachial cutaneous

Musculocutaneous

Posterior antebrachial cutaneous

Superficial radial nerve

Lateral antebrachial cutaneous

After trying to throw a curve ball, a pitcher lost sensation from the tip of the little finger. This indicates injury to which nerve?

Radial

Median

Ulnar

Musculocutaneous

Ulnar

While having an IV needle inserted into the cephalic vein of the forearm, the patient suddenly screamed in pain and felt tingling in part of the skin of the forearm supplied by the nerve accompanying the vein. What nerve was injured?

Posterior antebrachial cutaneous

Lateral antebrachial cutaneous

Medial antebrachial cutaneous

Musculocutaneous

Superficial radial

Lateral antebrachial cutaneous

Because of scarring of a patient's median cubital vein, the technician chooses to insert an infusion needle into her basilic vein at the level of the medial epicondyle. Despite the certainty that the needle does not pass through the deep (investing) fascia, there is still a chance that it might nick or impale which of the following?

Brachial artery

Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve

Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

Median nerve

Radial nerve

Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

During a fight a man is stabbed in the lateral chest beneath the right arm. The wound does not enter the chest cavity. Physical examination reveals that the vertebral (medial) border of the patient's scapula projects posteriorly and is closer to the midline on the injured side. On return visit the patient complains that he cannot reach as far forward (such as to reach for a door knob) as he could before the injury. The nerve injured which caused these symptoms is the:

axillary

long thoracic

musculocutaneous

radial

suprascapular

long thoracic

A man suffers a penetrating wound through the anterior axillary fold, with resulting damage to one of the main terminal branches of the brachial plexus. Among the effects is a significant weakening of flexion of the elbow. One or more other effects to be expected is (are):

Loss of cutaneous sensation on the tips of several fingers

Only loss of cutaneous sensation on the anterolateral surface of the forearm

Only weakening of flexion at the shoulder

Weakening of flexion at the shoulder and loss of cutaneous sensation on the anterolateral surface of the arm

Weakening of flexion at the shoulder and loss of cutaneous sensation on the anterolateral surface of the forearm

Weakening of flexion at the shoulder and loss of cutaneous sensation on the anterolateral surface of the forearm

A person sustains a left brachial plexus injury in an auto accident. After initial recovery the following is observed: 1) the diaphragm functions normally, 2) there is no winging of the scapula, 3) abduction cannot be initiated, but if the arm is helped through the first 45 degrees of abduction, the patient can fully abduct the arm. From this amount of information and your knowledge of the formation of the brachial plexus where would you expect the injury to be: axillary nerve

posterior cord

roots of plexus

superior trunk

suprascapular nerve

suprascapular nerve

The cords of the brachial plexus are:

above the clavicle, medial to the scalenus anticus (anterior scalene).

above the clavicle, behind the scalenus anticus (anterior scalene).

at or below the clavicle, closely related to the axillary artery.

at or below the clavicle, closely related to the axillary vein.

at or below the clavicle, closely related to the axillary artery.

The long thoracic nerve innervates which muscle?

Anterior scalene

Middle scalene

Serratus anterior

Teres major

Subscapularis

Serratus anterior

A man riding a motorcycle hit a wet spot in the road, lost control, and was thrown from his bike. He landed on the right side of his head and the tip of his shoulder, bending his head sharply to the left and stretching the right side of his neck. Subsequent neurological examination revealed that the roots of the 5th and 6th cervical nerves had been torn away from the spinal cord.Following the above injury, which of the movements of the arm at the shoulder would you expect to be totally lost?

adduction

abduction

flexion

extension

medial rotation

abduction

A man riding a motorcycle hit a wet spot in the road, lost control, and was thrown from his bike. He landed on the right side of his head and the tip of his shoulder, bending his head sharply to the left and stretching the right side of his neck. Subsequent neurological examination revealed that the roots of the 5th and 6th cervical nerves had been torn away from the spinal cord.

Following the above injury there would most likely be diminished cutaneous sensation over what part of the upper limb?

the back of the shoulder

the pectoral region

the top of the shoulder and the lateral side of the arm

the medial side of the arm and forearm

the tip of the little finger

the top of the shoulder and the lateral side of the arm

A patient is found to have a melanoma (cancer arising in pigment cells) originating in the skin of the left forearm. After removal of the tumor from the forearm, all axillary lymph nodes lateral to the medial edge of the pectoralis minor muscle are removed.Which axillary lymph nodes would not be removed by this procedure?

Apical

Central

Lateral

Pectoral

Subscapular

Apical

Neurological testing of a patient reveals no cutaneous sensation on the tip of the index finger. Such a finding would indicate injury to some portion of which nerve?

axillary

median

musculocutaneous

radial

ulnar

median

You are attending an axillary lymph node dissection in a patient with a melanoma in the upper limb. The surgeon says, "We are going to sample the level II lymph nodes posterior to the pectoralis minor muscle." Having excelled in anatomy, you realize that she is referring to the anatomical nodes known as

apical axillary nodes

central axillary nodes

lateral axillary nodes

lateral pectoral nodes

subscapular axillary nodes

central axillary nodes

In a patient with Erb-Duchenne palsy, a nerve arising from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus is nonfunctional. This nerve is the:

Suprascapular

Dorsal scapular

Long thoracic

Lateral pectoral

Medial pectoral

Suprascapular

The axillary nerve arises directly from which part of the brachial plexus? inferior trunk

lateral cord

medial cord

middle trunk

posterior cord

superior cord

posterior cord

Which of the following is not a direct branch of the axillary artery?

anterior circumflex humeral

posterior circumflex humeral

thoracoacromial

thoracodorsal

subscapular

thoracodorsal

While putting metal panels on the roof of a barn, one of the panels slips out of the hands of the man on the roof. During an attempt to catch the panel, a worker below is struck by its sharp edge. The panel hits across the anterior surface of his right arm at midlength and the impact severs all of the tissue to the bone. When examined in the emergency room it is noted that the patient can only weakly flex his elbow and the lateral side of his forearm is numb. In addition to the muscles, which nerve is injured?

axillary

median

musculocutaneous

radial

ulnar

musculocutaneous

While treating the patient (in the preceding question) the doctor observes, "You were fortunate that the panel did not sever the large artery running down the medial side of your arm." The large artery referred to lies in the neurovascular compartment and supplies most everything below the elbow; this artery is the:

axillary

brachial

deep brachial

radial

ulnar

brachial

In a case of Erb's palsy, where roots C5 and C6 of the brachial plexus are avulsed (torn out) which muscle is paralyzed?

Latissimus dorsi

Pectoralis minor

Supraspinatus

Trapezius

Triceps brachii

Supraspinatus

The C5 and C6 roots make the superior trunk of the brachial plexus. So, all the muscles innervated by nerves from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus will be denervated following the avulsion.

If the second part of the axillary artery was interrupted, collateral blood flow could pass from branches of the thyrocervical trunk into which artery? Anterior humeral circumflex

Circumflex scapular

Deep brachial

Posterior humeral circumflex

Thoracoacromial

Circumflex scapular

One branch of the thyrocervical trunk is the suprascapular artery. This artery contributes to the scapular anastamosis with the dorsal scapular artery and the circumflex scapular artery. The circumflex scapular artery is a branch of the subscapular artery, which comes from the third part of the axillary artery. So, blood could flow from the suprascapular artery, through the scapular anastamosis, into the circumflex scapular artery, travel retrograde through the circumflex scapular artery and the subscapular artery, and reach the third part of the axillary artery

In a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus, which artery may be injured? Subscapular

Posterior humeral circumflex

Radial recurrent

Deep brachial

Circumflex scapular

Posterior humeral circumflex

While riding a bike, a patient fell against a tree and fractured the shaft of the humerus at midlength. What nerve may be injured because of its close proximity to the injury?

Ulnar

Radial

Axillary

Medial antebrachial cutaneous

Median

Radial

Loss of sensation from the tip of the index finger is indicative of injury to which nerve?

Radial

Median

Ulnar

Musculocutaneous

Medial antebrachial cutaneous

Median

In a fracture of the midshaft of the humerus, which artery is most likely to be injured?

Subscapular

Posterior circumflex humeral

Radial recurrent

Deep brachial

Circumflex scapular

Deep brachial

As an inexperienced phlebotomist (blood drawer) attempts to insert the needle to draw blood from the median cubital vein, the patient suddenly screams and complains of pain and burning in the middle and thumb side of his palm. The nerve accidentally impaled on the needle was the

lateral antebrachial cutaneous

medial antebrachial cutaneous

median

ulnar

posterior antebrachial cutaneous

radial

superficial radial

median

In a diving accident that severed the spinal cord below the sixth cervical vertebra, which muscle would be affected?

Deltoid

Infraspinatus

Latissimus dorsi

Levator scapulae

Trapezius

Latissimus dorsi

If the spinal cord was severed beneath the 6th cervical vertebra, all nerve roots below C6 would be affected. So, latissimus dorsi, which is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8) would be affected.

Which muscle is the strongest medial rotator of the arm?

Coracobrachialis

Infraspinatus

Subscapularis

Supraspinatus

Teres minor

Subscapularis

An elderly man complained of pain in his shoulder when he brought his forearm and hand behind his back while dressing. It was determined that the pain was caused by stretching of the lateral rotators of his arm during this motion. Which muscle was most likely involved?

Infraspinatus

Latissimus dorsi

Subscapularis

Supraspinatus

Teres major

Infraspinatus

A woman riding a mountain bike on a rough trail hits a rut and is thrown from the bike. Her upper arm hits a tree, fracturing the humerus just above the insertion of the teres major muscle. Later, during examination, it is noted that she cannot extend her forearm at the elbow or hand at the wrist. Which nerve must have been injured?

Axillary

Median

Musculocutaneous

Radial

Ulnar

Radial

In old age, the supraspinatus tendon is sometimes ruptured where it blends with the capsule of the shoulder joint. Following this kind of injury one might expect

difficulty in adducting the arm

difficulty in flexing the arm

difficulty in abducting the arm

difficulty in extending the arm

difficulty in medially rotating the arm

difficulty in abducting the arm

During a strenuous game of tennis a 55 year old woman complained of severe shoulder pain that forced her to quit the game. During physical examination it was found that she could not initiate abduction of her arm, but if her arm was elevated to 45 degrees from the vertical (at her side) position, she had no trouble fully abducting it. Injury to which muscle was responsible?

deltoid

infraspinatus

supraspinatus

teres major

trapezius

supraspinatus

An elderly patient complains of shoulder pain and has difficulty abducting his arm. Arthroscopy is done in which a dye is injected into the shoulder joint and an X-ray taken. The radiologist notes that the dye has leaked from the shoulder joint into the subacromial bursa. What tendon would need to be ruptured for this to occur?

deltoid

infraspinatus

latissimus dorsi

supraspinatus

teres minor

supraspinatus

The shoulder joint is separated from the subacromial bursa by the supraspinatus tendon, which is inserting on the greater tubercle of the humerus. So, if the supraspinatus tendon is ruptured, dye injected into the shoulder joint will not just stay in the shoulder joint--instead, it will diffuse and leak into the area around the joint, including the subacromial bursa.

A person riding a mountain bike on a rustic trail hits a rut, the fork of the bike breaks and the person is thrown into a tree, severely fracturing the upper end of his humerus. During the repair the surgeon ties off the artery traveling through the quadrangular space to stop the hemorrhage. Which artery did he ligate?

dorsal scapular

posterior circumflex humeral

scapular circumflex

subscapular

suprascapular

posterior circumflex humeral

After initial examination, a patient is sent to radiology. Radiographs reveal that the portion of the scapula forming the tip or point of the shoulder has been fractured. This bone is the

acromion

angle

coracoid

glenoid

spine

acromion

Several deficits in muscle function of the right upper limb were noted, including inability to abduct the arm. This was caused by denervation of which muscle?

deltoid

infraspinatus

latissimus dorsi

teres minor

trapezius

deltoid

The rotator cuff is composed of all of the following muscles except: infraspinatus

subscapularis

supraspinatus

teres major

teres minor

teres major

Following a gunshot wound to the shoulder, a patient is unable to abduct the arm between 0 and 15 degrees, with reduced lateral rotation of the humerus. What nerve is probably injured?

Accessory (CN XI)

Axillary

Median

Suprascapular

Ulnar

Suprascapular

The patient was unable to retract his scapula because of paralysis of the trapezius and

infraspinatus

levator scapulae

rhomboids

serratus posterior superior

supraspinatus

rhomboids

Would there be loss of cutaneous sensation over the shoulder due to loss of the nerves supplying the C5 dermatome?

Yes

No

Yes

When the C5 spinal nerve was severed were any preganglionic sympathetic fibers cut?

Yes

No

no

Supination of the hand and forearm would be diminished by loss of radial nerve function. But one very powerful supinator would remain intact and unaffected, namely:

Brachialis

Brachioradialis

Biceps brachii

Flexor carpi radialis

Supinator

Biceps brachii

A worker doing repetitive lifting develops an inflammation in the tendon of origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle, commonly called "tennis elbow". The focal point of pain would most likely be near which palpable bony landmark?

Coronoid process of ulna

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Medial supracondylar ridge of humerus Olecranon

Posterior (subcutaneous) border of ulna

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

The anterior interosseous is a branch of which nerve?

Axillary

Median

Musculocutaneous

Radial

Ulnar

Median

In an attempt to commit suicide by slashing the ventral side of the wrist, the two tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis located most superficially were completely severed. What movement would be affected?

Flexion of the MP and IP joints of the thumb

Flexion of the PIP joints of digits 2 and 5

Flexion of the PIP joints of digits 3 and 4

Flexion of the DIP joints of digits 2 and 5

Flexion of the DIP joints of digits 3 and 4

Flexion of the PIP joints of digits 3 and 4

What muscle is innervated by branches of both the median and ulnar nerves? Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexor pollicis longus

Pronator quadratus

Flexor digitorum profundus