Hematologic System (The Blood)

These flashcards review key concepts and medications related to the hematologic system, focusing on the functions and disorders of blood.

What is the primary function of RBCs?

Carry oxygen.

What role do WBCs serve in the body?

Immune and inflammatory response.

What is the purpose of platelets?

To form clots.

What nutrient is necessary for blood to carry oxygen?

Hemoglobin (iron).

What condition can result from a lack of iron?

Anemia.

What are antihemophilic factors used for?

To provide co-factors for Factor Xa to enable the clotting pathway.

What is thrombocytopenia?

A condition characterized by low levels of platelets.

What do anticoagulants do?

Prevent blood clot formation.

What drug is a vitamin K antagonist?

Warfarin (Coumadin).

What is the action of alteplase?

Dissolves fibrin to break up clots.

What is an important lab test to monitor when administering warfarin?

INR (International Normalized Ratio).

What are the side effects of iron supplements?

Constipation and darker stools.

What vitamin deficiency can be masked by folic acid?

Vitamin B12 deficiency.

What does filgrastim stimulate the formation of?

White blood cells (WBCs).

What is the role of thrombopoietin?

Stimulates the formation of platelets.

What condition is a use case for erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA)?

Kidney disease.

What patient populations need vitamin B12 supplements?

Vegans and people who cannot absorb B12 from the GI tract.

What is a common side effect of Oprelvekin?

Fluid retention.

Name a safety concern related to taking anticoagulants.

Increased risk of bleeding.

When should you apply extra pressure after a needle stick?

Up to 30-60 minutes.