SS Vocabulary Words and People-The Progressive Era 1865-1920

Chapter 11 in American History My World Interactive

push and pull factors

Aspects that drive people to leave their home country (push factors) or attract them to a new country (pull factors), influencing migration patterns.

nativist

Someone who opposes immigration, favoring the interests of native-born inhabitants over those of immigrants.

Chinese Exclusion Act

A federal law passed in 1882 that prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers to the United States, reflecting nativist sentiments and racial prejudice.

urbanization

The process of making an area more urban through population growth, leading to increased housing, infrastructure, and economic development.

tenement

A multi-family dwelling, often in urban areas, that is typically overcrowded and lacks basic amenities, reflecting the housing conditions of poor immigrants during the Progressive Era.

settlement house

A community center established in urban areas to provide services such as education, healthcare, and social support to immigrants and the poor, aiming to improve their quality of life.

Hull House

A famous settlement house founded by Jane Addams in Chicago, offering various services to immigrants and the poor to promote social reform.

muckracker

A journalist or writer who investigates and exposes social injustices, corruption, and abuses in society during the Progressive Era.

progressive

Relating to social reform movements aimed at addressing issues such as inequality, corruption, and injustices in American society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Square Deal

A domestic program proposed by President Theodore Roosevelt that aimed at providing fairness for workers, consumers, and businesses, focusing on improving labor conditions and regulating corporations.

trustbuster

A term used to describe a person, particularly a government official like President Theodore Roosevelt, who seeks to break up monopolies and trusts to promote fair competition in the market.

suffrage

The right to vote in political elections, with particular emphasis on the movement advocating for women's voting rights in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

NAACP

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909 to fight for racial equality and civil rights for African Americans.

19th Amendment

A constitutional amendment that granted women the right to vote, ratified in 1920.

18th Amendment

A constitutional amendment that prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages, ratified in 1919.

WEB DuBois

An African American sociologist, historian, and civil rights activist who co-founded the NAACP and advocated for the rights of African Americans in the early 20th century.

Jacob

Carrie Chapman Catt

An American women's suffrage leader who played a significant role in securing the right to vote for women, serving as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association.

Jane Addams

A pioneering social worker and founder of Hull House, she was instrumental in the settlement house movement and advocated for social reforms such as labor rights and women's suffrage.

Boss Tweed

A corrupt political boss and leader of Tammany Hall in New York City, he was known for his role in political corruption and defrauding the city through bribery and kickbacks in the late 19th century.

Ida Tarbell

An American journalist and muckraker known for her pioneering investigative reporting, particularly her exposé of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company, which contributed to the rise of antitrust laws.

Upton Sinclair

An American author and muckraker best known for his novel "The Jungle," which exposed harsh conditions in the meatpacking industry and sparked food safety reforms.

Teddy Roosevelt

The 26th President of the United States, known for his progressive policies, trust-busting efforts, and the establishment of national parks.

Booker T. Washington

An African American educator, author, and advisor to several presidents, Washington was a prominent leader in the early 20th century, advocating for vocational education and economic self-reliance for African Americans.