Fractions Basics

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and operations related to adding, subtracting, multiplying, and comparing fractions.

Fraction

A number that represents part of a whole, written as one integer (numerator) over another (denominator).

Proper Fraction

A fraction whose numerator is smaller than its denominator (e.g., 3/4).

Improper Fraction

A fraction whose numerator is equal to or larger than its denominator (e.g., 7/5).

Mixed Number

A whole number combined with a proper fraction (e.g., 1 2/3).

Common Denominator

A shared denominator used to add, subtract, or compare two or more fractions.

Lowest Common Multiple (LCM)

The smallest multiple shared by two or more numbers; used to find a common denominator.

Adding Fractions with Like Denominators

Keep the denominator the same and add the numerators (e.g., 1/4 + 1/4 = 2/4).

Adding Fractions with Unlike Denominators

Find a common denominator, convert each fraction, then add the numerators.

Subtracting Fractions

Make denominators the same, then subtract the numerators while keeping the denominator.

Fraction of a Number

Multiply the fraction by the whole number to find a part of it (e.g., 3/8 of 40 = 3×40 ÷ 8 = 15).

Comparing Fractions

Convert to common denominators or cross-multiply to decide which fraction is greater, smaller, or equal.

Simplest Form (Reducing Fractions)

When the numerator and denominator share no common factor other than 1 (e.g., 4/8 simplified to 1/2).