anatomy male gu

rachels quizlet

Acrosome cap

What part of sperm contains enzymes that break down the egg to achieve fertilization

Tunica albuginea

What is the tough outer covering surrounding the testes

Ejaculation

process by which semen, containing sperm, is expelled from the male urethra during orgasm

Corpus cavernosa, corpus spongiosum

2 types of erectile tissue in the penis

spermatogonium

Name of the precursor cell for sperm

Immature and nonmotile

What level of maturity the sperm are when they are released from seminiferous tubules

Skin and dartos muscle

Which structures help regulate the temperature in the testes, (scrotum)

Seminal vesicles, nourish sperm

What sex gland produces fructose

Seminal vesicles, promote widening of external os of cervix

What sex gland produces prostaglandins

Gonadotropin releasing hormone, anterior pituitary axis, what do they affect in the male

Hypothalamus secretes GnRH
Anterior pituitary secretes FSH and LH
LH acts on testes to stimulate testosterone
FSH acts on testes to stimulate sperm production

Leydig cells

Where testosterone is produced

Different layers of ductus deferns

Inner mucosa, middle muscularis, outer adventitia

Ovary

Testes

Clitoris

Glans of penis

Labia minora

Body of penis

Labia majora

Scrotum

Greater vestibular gland

Bulbourethral gland

Boundaries of perineum

Pubic symphysis anteriorly, Ischial tuberosities laterally, Coccyx posteriorly

Inhibin is secreted

By sustentacular cells when sperm count is high

Raphe

Visible ridge that is midline of the scrotum

Epididymis

Spermatozoa are stored until they are fully matured

Rete testes

Meshwork of interconnected channels in mediastinum testis
Receive sperm from seminiferous tubules
Lined by simple cuboidal epithelial
Short microvilli covering luminal surface
Merge to form efferent ductules

Ciliated columnar epithelia

Efferent ductules contain what that propel the sperm

What is released during the male sexual response, sympathetic and parasympathetic

Parasympathetic- AcH and NO - erection
Sympathetic- NE - ejaculation and detumescence

Sustentacular cells

Where Anti-Müllerian hormone is secreted

Pampiniform plexus

Structure pre-cools arteriol blood flow prior to reaching the testes

Testes

Where sperm are produced

Blood testes barrier

What protects the developing sperm from being destroyed

Order of spermatogenesis

Spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatids, spermatozoa

Order the sperm passes through each structure

Seminiferous tubules, rete testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, urethra, penis

Prostate gland

What encircles the urethra

Glans penis

Where the external urethral orrifice is found

SRY gene

What gene has to be on the Y chromosome to produce the male phenotype

Difference between phenotypic and genotypic

Phenotypic - Refers to the appearance of an individual's internal and external genitalia
Genotypic - based on sex chromosomes inherited

Male climacteric

When a man ages, they have lower testosterone that results in erectile dysfunction, impotence, and prostate enlargement

What the function of gonads is

primary reproductive organs responsible for producing gametes (sperm in males, eggs in females) and secreting sex hormones

How many gametes males produce vs females

Males - 100 million/day
Females- 1-2 million eggs at birth, losing them every month during period

Prostate gland

Structure that produces the fluid that neutralizes the acidity of the vagina